明安图观测基地复杂电磁环境和干扰消减措施  

Complex Electromagnetic Environment and RFI Mitigation at Mingantu Observing Station

作　　者：耿立红[1] 刘东浩[1] 苏仓[1] 李沙[1] 颜毅华[1] 陈志军[1] Geng Lihong;Liu Donghao;Su Cang;Li Sha;Yan Yihua;Chen Zhijun(Key Laboratory of Solar Activity(National Astronomical Observatories),Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院太阳活动重点实验室(国家天文台)

出　　处：《天文研究与技术》2019年第4期410-421,共12页Astronomical Research & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11773043);国家重大科研装备研制项目(ZDYZ2009-3);中国科学院国家天文台台级调控项目(Y434141V01)资助

摘　　要：射频干扰是射电天文观测设备无法回避的问题。国家天文台(内蒙古)明安图观测基地多台各具特色的射电观测设备、各类电磁辐射源及其传播路径共同组成了复杂的电磁环境。现有超宽带高分辨太阳射电成像观测设备——明安图射电频谱日像仪,以及即将建设的子午二期工程的太阳行星际监测系统,包括米波-十米波射电日像仪、行星际闪烁望远镜和超宽带射电频谱仪等,全部频率覆盖1 MHz^15 GHz,观测结果用于太阳物理、空间天气监测和预报的关键问题研究,也对电磁环境提出了更高要求。介绍了明安图观测基地的观测设备及其地理环境,给出了方位频率功率谱、立体方向图、时间频率功率谱等射频干扰的初步监测结果,讨论了射频干扰预防、消减及射频干扰自监测方案。Radio frequency interferences(RFI)and Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)are common problems to all sensitive radio astronomical telescopes.Mingantu Observing Station of National Astronomical Observatories in Inner Mongolia is the site of the powerful Mingantu Spectral Radioheliograph(MUSER).Three big instruments including Meter to 10-meter Waveband Radioheliograph,Interplanetary Scintillation telescope(IPS),and Super-wide Band Spectrograph in Meridian project II under National Infrastructure Program in China will be set up in 2019-2022.Observing data from all these radio telescopes will play important roles in solving the key problems of solar physics,space weather and solar activity prediction.The overall working frequency ranges from 1MHz to 15GHz.The complex electromagnetic environment,RFI space and spectrum distribution surveillance in double-circular polarizations are displayed and analyzed.Some anti-RFI measures and designs are introduced and discussed.RFI influences on observed data are related with many factors including the RFI sources′and the telescopes′.A RFI self-surveillance scheme using the radio telescope itself working together with omni antenna and reference antenna is proposed.

关 键 词：太阳物理 空间天气 射电日像仪 子午工程 射频干扰消减 

分 类 号：P16[天文地球—天文学]