现代物理技术在IPM植保中的防控机理及应用研究进展  

Advances of prevention and control mechanism and the application of the modern physical technology in IPM plant protection engineering

作　　者：李玉平[1,2] 龚宁 LI Yu-ping;GONG Ning(College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute for New Rural Development,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;College of Chemistry&Pharmacy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]青海大学新农村发展研究院,青海西宁810016 [3]西北农林科技大学化学与药学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《大学物理》2019年第10期52-60,共9页College Physics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402904);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903052);西北农林科技大学教学改革研究一般项目(JY17022035)资助

摘　　要：物理防治突破了作物病虫害防治的传统理念和农业生产模式,减少了化学农药的使用,是保证粮食安全和提高农产品质量的重要举措,对生态环境的良性循环具有重要意义.本文介绍了光、电、磁、声等物理植保技术防治病虫害的机理,综述了光、电、磁、声、温度等现代物理技术在作物病虫害综合防治中的应用研究进展,分析了作物病虫害物理防治的不足,展望了现代物理植保技术在病虫害防治中的应用前景,提出了几点建设性意见,以期为现代物理植保技术在病虫害综合治理(IPM)研究及应用中提供参考,实现农业可持续发展.Physical control breaks through the traditional concept of crop pest control and agricultural production mode,and reduces the use of chemical pesticides.Physical control is an important measure to ensure food security and to improve the quality of agricultural products.It is of great significance to the healthy cycle of the ecological environment.In this paper,the mechanism of controlling diseases and insect pests by physical plant protection techniques,such as light,electricity,magnetism and sound,is introduced.The application of these modern physical technologies,such as light,electricity,magnetism,sound and temperature,in the integrated control of crop diseases and insect pests is reviewed.The shortcomings of physical prevention and control are analyzed.The application prospect of the modern physical plant protection technology in pest control is prospected.Some constructive suggestions are put forward in order to provide a reference for the research and application of IPM and realize the sustainable development of agriculture.

关 键 词：物理植保技术 有害生物综合治理(IPM) 机理研究 

分 类 号：O59[理学—应用物理] S435[理学—物理]