生物质制氢及用于区域供能的可行性分析  

Feasibility Analysis of Hydrogen Production from Biomass and Its Application in Regional Energy Supply

作　　者：张海梁 刘璐 高峻 王逊 ZHANG Hailiang;LIU Lu;GAO Jun;WANG Xun

机构地区：[1]北京燃气集团有限责任公司,北京100035 [2]北京优奈特燃气工程技术有限公司,北京100023

出　　处：《煤气与热力》2019年第10期24-29,10043,共7页Gas & Heat

摘　　要：生物质制氢是一种具有广阔应用前景的生物质能利用方式。介绍CO2吸收增强气化工作原理及特点。基于该技术,以生物质为原料基于输运床气化技术构建生物质氢、热、电联产系统,探讨生物质氢、热、电联产系统流程。采用ASPEN软件对系统进行模拟,通过分析气化温度、钙碳比、水碳比对CO2吸收增强气化的合成气中各组分摩尔分数和氢气产量的影响,得到适宜的气化反应器工作参数为:气化温度为1 073~1 098 K,钙碳比为0.6~2.0,水碳比为2.00~2.75。分析该系统用于区域供能的可行性,根据生物质收购半径,预测通过消纳区域内生物质,可产氢气量及发电量、供热量和可驱动燃料电池公交汽车数量。按收购半径96 km计算,每年可收集的生物质大约28×10^4 t。气化反应器给料量取31 963.5 kg/h,钙碳比取1,水碳比取2.25,气化温度取1 073 K,气化压力(绝对压力)取2 MPa,得到生物质氢、热、电联产系统参数输出。系统产生的氢气可用于分布式燃料电池热电联产系统或驱动燃料电池汽车。如果所产氢气用于驱动燃料电池汽车,可供应500辆燃料电池公交汽车,供热面积达54.35×10^4 m^2。如果所产氢气全部作为分布式燃料电池热电联产装置燃料,可供热105×10^4 m^2。Hydrogen production from biomass is a kind of biomass energy utilization method with broad application prospect.The operating principle and characteristics of CO2 absorption enhanced gasification are introduced.Based on this technology and transport bed gasification technology with biomass as raw material,the combined biomass hydrogen,heat and power system is built,and the process of the combined system is discussed.The combined system is simulated using ASPEN software.By analyzing the effects of gasification temperature,Ca/C ratio and water/carbon ratio on the molar fraction of each component in the synthesis gas from CO2 absorption enhanced gasification and the hydrogen production,the optimum operating parameters of gasification reactor are obtained,and they are the gasification temperature of 1 073 to 1 098 K,the Ca/C ratio of 0.6 to 2.0 and the water/carbon ratio of 2.00 to 2.75.The feasibility of the combined system application for regional energy supply is analyzed.According to the acquisition radius of the biomass,the amount of the hydrogen production and the amount of the generated electricity,the heat supply and the number of the bus cars of the fuel cell can be predicted by the consumption of biomass in the area.Based on the acquisition radius of 96 km,the biomass collected annually is about 28×10^4 t.The feed rate of gasification reactor is 31 963.5 kg/h,the ratio of calcium to carbon is 1,the ratio of water to carbon is 2.25,the gasification temperature is 1 073 K,and the gasification pressure(absolute pressure)is 2 MPa.The parameters of the combined biomass hydrogen,heat and power system are obtained.The hydrogen generated by the system can be used in distributed fuel cell cogeneration system or drive fuel cell vehicles.If the hydrogen produced is used to drive fuel cell vehicles,it can supply 500 fuel cell buses with a heating area of 54.35×10^4 m^2.If the hydrogen produced is used totally as fuel for the distributed fuel cell cogeneration unit,the heating area can be 105×10^4 m^2.

关 键 词：生物质制氢 CO2吸收增强气化 气化反应器 再生反应器 区域供能 

分 类 号：TU995.7[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]