可降解地膜对花生生长发育影响及残留情况研究  

Degradable Plastic Film: Effects on Growth and Development of Peanut and Its Residues

作　　者：张相松 房晓燕 张凯 滕世辉 李晓霞 王献杰 Zhang Xiangsong;Fang Xiaoyan;Zhang Kai;Teng Shihui;Li Xiaoxia;Wang Xianjie(Linyi Agricultural Environmental Protection and Monitoring Station,Linyi 276001,Shandong,China;Shandong Agricultural Environmental Protection and Rural Energy Station,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China;Hedong District Agriculture Bureau of Linyi City,Linyi 276034,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂市农业环境保护监测站,山东临沂276001 [2]山东省农业环境保护和农村能源总站,济南250100 [3]临沂市河东区农业局,山东临沂276034

出　　处：《农学学报》2019年第9期36-39,共4页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：农业农村部农业生态环境保护项目“可降解地膜对比试验”(2110402)

摘　　要：近年来,可降解地膜推广面积逐年扩大,但性能参差不齐,针对可降解地膜对作物生长发育及残留情况的系统研究较少。笔者采用对比试验和全生育期跟踪监测的方法,在花生上开展了不同类型可降解地膜对比试验,初步掌握了不同可降解地膜对花生生长发育的影响以及地膜残留情况。结果表明:普通地膜和氧化生物双降解地膜在保墒性能上表现更优异,可降解地膜在诱导期内的保温效果略优于普通地膜,产量有不同程度提升,残留率明显偏低,但降解特性差别较大,诱导期长短不一,氧化生物双降解地膜降解不稳定、速度不一致,个别全生物降解地膜诱导期较短作用不明显,4种降解地膜统一呈现出诱导期越长花生产量越高和畦面部分降解较快、覆土部分降解很慢的现象。In recent years,the area of biodegradable mulch film is expanding year by year,but the performance of various types of biodegradable mulch film is uneven,and there is insufficient systematic research concerning the effect of degradable plastic film on crop growth,development and its residue.With the method of contrast test and whole-growth period follow-up monitoring,the authors carried out a comparative experiment on different types of biodegradable plastic mulch,and preliminarily grasped the influence of different biodegradable plastic mulch on the growth and development of peanut and its residues.The results showed that the soil moisture conservation capacity of ordinary plastic film and oxidized biodegradable plastic film was much better,and the insulation effect of degradable mulch film in the induction period of thermal was slightly better than that of the ordinary film,with output more or less increased,and its residual rate was obviously reduced.The degradation characteristic was not the same,and the induction period length was also different.Moreover,the degradation rate of oxidized biodegradable plastic film was unstable and inconsistent,the effect of some full degradable mulch was not obvious with short induction period.The four degradable plastic films showed that the longer the induction period,the higher the peanut yield was,leading to a phenomenon that the degradation of the border part was faster while the degradation of the covering part was slower.

关 键 词：地膜覆盖 可降解地膜 花生 残留 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]