刺参速生耐高温品系生长性能及高温期摄食性能分析  

Growth performance and food ingestion of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus variety with fast-growth and high-temperature resistance during high temperature period

作　　者：曹学彬 王福辰 刘佳亮 李静 王俊杰 李君华 张志伟 刘石林[2] CAO Xue-bin;WANG Fu-chen;LIU Jia-liang;LI Jing;WANG Jun-jie;LI Jun-hua;ZHANG Zhi-wei;LIU Shi-lin(National Alage and Sea Cucumber Project Technology Research Centre,Shandong Oriental Ocean Sci-Tech Company Limited,Yantai 264003,China;Institute of Oceanology,The Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司国家级海藻与海参工程技术研究中心,山东烟台264003 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2019年第5期623-628,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0901602);山东省农业良种工程项目(2017LZGC010);山东省重点研发计划项目(2016GGH4504)

摘　　要：为分析定向选育刺参Apostichopus japonicus速生耐高温品系的生长性能和高温期摄食性能,对该品系刺参第四世代(G4)、第三世代(G3)及未经选育的普通刺参(对照)4—30月龄的生长指标进行连续和定期测定,并对26~30月龄刺参高温期排粪个体数量比例及粪便相对质量(RFM)进行测定和分析。结果表明:3组刺参体质量增长分化时间点出现在13~14月龄时期,G4、G3两组刺参的体质量峰值和终末值均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),G4组体质量峰值和终末值高于G3组,但无显著性差异(P>0.05);在2016年6—10月(14~18月龄)和2017年4—8月(24~28月龄)两个高温时期内,G4与G3两组刺参的增重率(WGR)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但G4与G3组无显著性差异(P>0.05);排粪个体数量比例和RFM均随水温升高显著降低(P<0.05),同温度下G4>G3>对照;排粪个体数量比例仅在水温上升期升至26.4℃和水温下降期降至23.8℃时差异显著(P<0.05);RFM在各取样水温下均呈显著性差异(P<0.05);当RFM取值为0.001~0.020,G4、G3组对应水温值比对照组高出0.30~2.48℃,RFM取值为0.010时,G4、G3组水温分别为26.39、26.09℃,对照组水温为23.91℃,表明水温因素限制选育品系刺参摄食活动的影响有所降低。研究表明,经累代定向选育的速生耐高温刺参品系比普通刺参生长增重更快,高温期摄食性能更具优势。Growth indices were bimonthly determined in the fourth(G4)and third(G3)generations of the selectively bred sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with body weight of(1.00±0.05)g with fast-growth and high-temperature resistance variety and the normal sea cucumber as control group reared in PVC plastic buckets,200 L,or 500 L glass fiber reinforced plastics tanks or 3.0 m×1.5 m×1.0 m cement tanks,depending on gradual growth,from August of 2015 to August of 2018.Number of defecatory individuals and the relative fecal volume(RFM)in the shade to dry were determined in G3 and G4 sea cucumber with body weight of 80-100 g held in a bucket filled with filtered sea water to compare the differences in growth performance and ingestion in high temperature period between the fourth generation(G4)and the third generation(G3)sea cucumber.The results showed that the growth differences in body weight were initially observed in 13-14 month-old sea cucumber in the three groups,with significantly higher final and the maximal body weight in G4 and G3 groups than those in the control group(P<0.05)and higher final and maximal body weight in G4 group than those in G3 group,without significant difference(P>0.05).There was significantly higher weight gain rate(WGR)in G4 and G3 groups than that in the control group(P<0.05)during the two periods from June 2016 to October 2016(14-18 month-old)and from April 2017 to August 2017(24-28 month-old),without significant difference between G4 and G3(P>0.05).The percentage of defecatory individuals and RFM were shown to be significantly deceased with increase in water temperature(P<0.05),as the order G4>G3>control group at the same water temperature.There was significant difference in percentage of defecatory individuals only during high temperature periods when the water temperature raised to 26.6℃and dropped to 23.3℃.There was significant difference in RFM varying from 0.001 to 0.020 at various temperatures,with 0.30-2.48℃higher in G4 and G3 groups than that in the control group.The calculated

关 键 词：刺参 速生耐高温 生长性能 高温期摄食性能 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]