凝结芽孢杆菌对养殖水质及青虾肠道菌群、非特异性免疫指标和抗病力的影响  

Effects of Bacillus coagulans on water quality, intestinal microflora, non-specific immunity and disease resistance of oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense

作　　者：单金峰 吴春[1] 丁辰龙[1] SHAN Jin-feng;WU Chun;DING Chen-long(Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2019年第5期629-635,共7页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：宿迁市农业科技自主创新资金项目(SQCX201802);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(18)2016)

摘　　要：为研究凝结芽孢杆菌Bacillus coagulans对养殖水质及青虾Macrobrachium nipponense肠道菌群、血清非特异性免疫指标和抗病力的影响,在养殖水体中分别添加浓度为0、10^5、10^6、10^7 CFU/mL的凝结芽孢杆菌(分别记为A0、A1、A2、A3组),在室内循环水养殖系统中养殖体质量为(2.50±0.32)g的青虾28 d后,测定青虾肠道菌群数量、血清非特异性免疫指标和抗病力。结果表明:添加凝结芽孢杆菌的各试验组水体氮磷指标总体上低于对照组,且A3组最低;A2组对虾肠道总菌数和双歧杆菌Bifidobacterium数量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A2和A3组弧菌Vibrio数量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),各试验组乳酸杆菌Lactobacillus数量较对照组略有所增加(P>0.05);除A1组溶菌酶外,各试验组对虾血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、溶菌酶(LZM)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性较对照组略有所提高(P>0.05);经嗜水气单胞菌Aeromonas hydrophila攻毒后,各试验组青虾成活率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且A3组青虾成活率最高(60%)。研究表明,养殖水体中添加凝结芽孢杆菌可改善养殖水质和青虾肠道菌群数量,提高青虾非特异性免疫力和抗病力,最佳添加浓度为10 7 CFU/mL。A total of 600 individuals of oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense with body weight of(2.50±0.32)g were randomly allocated into 4 groups,and reared in water of a recirculating system supplemented with Bacillus coagulans at a density of 0(A0,control group),10 5 CFU/mL(group A1),10 6 CFU/mL(group A2)and 10 7 CFU/mL(group A3)for 28 days at water temperature of(25±1)℃to investigate the effects of Bacillus coagulans on water quality,intestinal microflora,non-specific immunity and disease resistance of oriental river prawn.The results showed that all water quality indicators were significantly decreased in the test groups than those in the control group(P<0.05).The count of total bacteria and Bifidobacterium of the intestine were shown to be significantly higher in group A2 compared with the control group(P<0.05),while the count of Vibrio was significantly lower in group A2 and group A3 than that in the control group(P<0.05).The count of Lactobacillus in the test groups were increased,without significant difference from the control group(P>0.05).There were significantly higher activities of alkaline phosphatase(ALP),lysozyme(LZM)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in test groups than those in the control group(P<0.05),without significant difference in the ACP activities between the test groups and the control group(P>0.05).A challenge test with Aeromonas hydrophila revealed that there was significantly higher survival rate in the oriental river prawn in the test groups than that in the oriental river prawn in the control group(P<0.05),the maximal survival rate in group A3(60%).The findings indicated that B.coagulans can improve the water quality,as well as can change the number of intestinal bacteria,and that promote the non-specific immunity and disease resistance of oriental river prawn.

关 键 词：凝结芽孢杆菌 青虾 水质 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]