意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫饲粮中花生四烯酸的适宜添加水平  

Dietary Appropriate Supplemental Level of Arachidonic Acid for Worker Bee Larvae of Apis mellifera ligustica

作　　者：于静 张卫星 陈文凤 刘振国 胥保华 YU Jing;ZHANG Weixing;CHEN Wenfeng;LIU Zhenguo;XU Baohua(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第10期4637-4646,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程(南种北繁)项目(2017LZN006);山东省“双一流”学科建设经费(2016—2020);国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-44)

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)工蜂幼虫饲粮中花生四烯酸的适宜添加水平,为制订意大利蜜蜂饲养标准提供科学依据。试验选取1 200只意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫,随机分为5组,包含1个对照组和4个试验组,每组5个重复,每个重复48只。对照组工蜂幼虫饲喂基础饲粮,4个试验组工蜂幼虫分别饲喂在基础饲粮基础上添加0.1、0.3、0.5和0.7 g/kg花生四烯酸的试验饲粮,按照室内蜜蜂幼虫饲养方法饲养至羽化出房。各组分别取5、6和7日龄工蜂幼虫测定生理生化指标及花生四烯酸代谢相关基因表达量,并统计工蜂幼虫化蛹率和羽化率。结果显示:1)饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.1和0.3 g/kg时,化蛹率和羽化率显著高于其他试验组(P<0.05),与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.3 g/kg时,6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著升高(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.1和0.3 g/kg时,6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体前列腺素合成酶(PTGE)活性显著高于其他组(P<0.05);饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.1和0.3 g/kg时,5日龄工蜂幼虫虫体PTGE和磷脂酶A2(PLA2)基因相对表达量显著高于其他组(P<0.05);饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.3 g/kg时,5和7日龄工蜂幼虫虫体谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)基因相对表达量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。4)饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.1、0.3和0.5 g/kg时,6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体溶菌酶(LZM)和酚氧化酶(PO)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.3 g/kg时,5日龄工蜂幼虫虫体酚氧化酶原(PPO)和LZM基因的相对表达量以及7日龄工蜂幼虫虫体abaecin和LZM基因的相对表达量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上可知,意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫饲粮中花生四烯酸的适宜添加水平为0.1~0.3 g/kg。The objective of this study was to find an appropriate supplemental level of arachidonic acid which added in the diet of worker bee larvae of Apis mellifera ligustica,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating the feeding standards of Apis mellifera ligustica.In the experiment,a total of 1 200 one-day-old worker bee larvae of Apis mellifera ligustica were randomly assigned to 5 groups,among which 4 groups were experimental groups and 1 group was control group,with 5 replicates in each group and 48 worker bee larvae in each replicate.The worker bee larvae in the control group were fed a basal diet,and those in the 4 experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with arachidonic acid at the levels of 0.1,0.3,0.5 and 0.7 g/kg based on the basal diet,respectively.The technique of the indoor feeding in vitro method was used for rearing honeybee from larvae to newly emerged workers.The physiological and biochemical indexes of 5-,6-and 7-day-old worker bee larvae of each group were measured,and the pupation rate and eclosion rate were calculated.The results showed as follows:1)when the supplemental levels of arachidonic acid in the diet were 0.1 and 0.3 g/kg,the pupation rate and eclosion rate was significantly increased compared with the other experimental groups(P<0.05),but had no significant differences compared with the control group(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)in body of 6-day-old worker bee larvae was significantly increased when the supplemental level of arachidonic acid was 0.3 g/kg(P<0.05),and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was significantly decreased(P<0.05).3)When the supplemental levels of arachidonic acid were 0.1 and 0.3 g/kg,the activity prostaglandin synthetase(PTGE)in body of 6-day-old worker bee larvae was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05);when the supplemental levels of arachidonic acid were 0.1 and 0.3 g/kg,the relative expression levels of PTGE and phospholipase A2(PLA2)in body of 5-day-

关 键 词：意大利蜜蜂 花生四烯酸 工蜂幼虫 添加水平 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]