基于族群文化表里的价值撬动与公共政策调适——由阿伊努人谈起  

The Value Leverage and Public Policy Adjustment Based on the Ethnic Culture: Beginning with the Ainu

作　　者：高小岩[1] 李鑫 GAO Xiaoyan;LI Xin(School of Humanities and Law,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学文法学院

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第5期24-30,共7页Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：阿伊努人是日本列岛最古老的居民,历史上曾被称为“虾夷”,目前主要分布在北海道一带。德川时代以前,日本长期推行同化政策,对阿伊努人的存在采取虚无主义态度试图将其同化,但是始终无法泯灭阿伊努人的民族意识。近年来,在世界原住民人权运动影响与阿伊努人不懈争取的双重努力下,日本政府对以往强调单一性的族群政策进行调整,阿伊努人的民族身份终获承认。通过分析日本政府阿伊努人政策的嬗变及背后的价值取向脉络,揭示了正视族群文化差异的现实及背后的发展不平衡本质,这对于今后制定与此相关的政策,对促进社会和谐、族群平等以及消除发展不平衡的现象具有一定的重要性。The Ainu are the oldest inhabitants of the Japanese archipelagos.They were once called“shrimp barbarians”in history.At present,they are mainly distributed in Hokkaido.Before the Tokugawa era,Japan pursued the long-term assimilation policy,adopted nihilism attitude towards the existence of the Ainu and tried to assimilate them,but it was unable to eliminate their national consciousness.In recent years,under the dual attempts of the influence of world native human rights movement and the Ainu's unremitting struggle,Japanese government has adjusted its ethnic policy which emphasized the singularity in the past,and the Ainu's national identity has finally been recognized.The analysis of the evolution of the Japanese government s Ainu policy and the value orientation behind it can reveal the reality of facing up to the cultural differences of ethnic groups and the essence of development imbalance behind them,which is of some importance for formulating the corresponding policies,promoting the social harmony and ethnic equality,and eliminating the phenomenon of development imbalance.

关 键 词：族群政策 原住民 公共政策 文化自治 阿伊努人 

分 类 号：K313.8[历史地理—历史学]