微通道板的增益研究  

The study on the gain of microchannel plate

作　　者：张小东 欧阳晓平 何军章 魏晨 翁秀峰 谭新建 付竹明 ZHANG Xiaodong;OUYANG Xiaoping;HE Junzhang;WEI Chen;WENG Xiufeng;TAN Xinjian;FU Zhuming(Northwestern Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi'an 710024,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Effect for Intense Pulse Radiation,Xi'an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究院,西安710024 [2]强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室,西安710024

出　　处：《核技术》2019年第10期46-50,共5页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.11375142)资助~~

摘　　要：微通道板(Microchannel Plate,MCP)是一种超快时间响应的电子倍增器件,可以直接用于带电粒子探测。利用这一特点研制了时间响应亚纳秒的基于反冲质子的MCP中子探测器,而MCP的增益对探测器的性能具有非常重要的作用,因此有必要对探测器中MCP的增益进行理论和实验研究。采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟计算了单个电子在单个微通道上进行倍增产生的二次电子数目,计算得到了单片MCP在不同电压下的电子增益,然后利用α粒子实验研究了两片MCP的增益。计算结果表明:单片MCP增益理论计算得到的结果与厂家测试给出的结果比较一致;实验结果表明:当每片MCP所加电压为800 V时,两片MCP的增益约为9.0×106。该方法简便易行,为研究MCP的增益提供了新的技术手段,并为研究基于MCP的中子探测器提供了理论基础。[Background]Microchannel plate(MCP)is an electron multiplier device with an ultra-fast time response,which can be directly used for the detection of charged particles.The gain of MCP has a large influence on the properties of the neutron detector.[Purpose]This study aims to investigate the gain of the MCP through theoretical simulation and experimental test.[Methods]First of all,a sub-ns time-response neutron detector based on recoiled proton and MCP was developed for experimental test.The Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the number of secondary electrons generated by a single electron multiplying on a single microchannel,and the electron gain of a single-chip MCP at different voltages was calculated.Then,the gain characteristics of two MCPs were studied by alpha particle experiments.[Results]The calculation results show that the theoretical gain of a single-chip MCP is consistent with the MCP factory inspection report.The experimental results show that when the supply voltage of each MCP is 800 V,the gain of double MCP is about 9.0×106.[Conclusions]The method clarified in the paper is reliable and feasible,and provides a new technical approach for the study of MCP gain.It also provides a theoretical basis for studying the performance of MCP neutron detectors.

关 键 词：微通道板 二次电子 增益 蒙特卡罗方法 α 粒子 

分 类 号：TL813[核科学技术—核技术及应用]