狭臀瓢虫人工饲料和替代猎物的研究  

Studies on the Artificial Diet and Substituted Prey of Coccinella transversalis

作　　者：黄翠琴[1] 胡凤玉[1] HUANG Cuiqin;HU Fengyu(Fujian Forestry Vocational and Technical College,Nanping,Fujian 353000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建林业职业技术学院

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2019年第3期238-242,共5页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：福建省林业厅科技项目(闽林科便函[2019]16号)

摘　　要：通过利用人工配制饲料和替代猎物甜菜夜蛾(SE)幼虫、米蛾(CC)卵和豌豆修尾蚜(MJ)饲喂狭臀瓢虫幼虫和成虫,对比分析狭臀瓢虫各虫态成活率、发育历期、羽化率、性比、产卵量等指标,进而得出:利用人工饲料饲喂,10.20%~16.56%瓢虫幼虫可完成整个发育历期,其中1龄幼虫成活率较低仅达23.67%~28.88%,2龄幼虫成活率达53.26%~67.65%,3龄幼虫存活率达83.67%~84.78%,4龄幼虫存活率达96.69%~100%,但幼虫发育历期均比用SE、CC卵、MJ饲喂的瓢虫长;利用人工饲料喂饲成虫,成虫出现产卵前期较长,产卵量减少、卵孵化率降低等现象;采用CC卵和MJ交替饲养能够提高幼虫成活率但仍存产卵量减少等问题。经多因素分析,认为开展狭臀瓢虫规模化饲养可以在3~4龄幼虫期间和成虫非产卵期间利用配方饲料A喂饲,但以采用米蛾卵辅以蜂蜜作为替代(饲料)猎物,同时在1龄幼虫和成虫产卵期间饲喂MJ能够提高幼虫成活率和成虫产卵量。The larvae and adults of Coccinella transversalis were fed with artificial feed and substituted prey Spodoptera exigua(SE),Corcya cephalonica(CC)eggs and Megoura japonica(MJ).The survival rate,development phase,eclosion rate,sex ratio,and oviposition rate of Coccinella transversalis were compared and analyzed.The results showed that 10.20%of Coccinella transversalis larvae fed with artificial feed could survive the whole development phase,of which the survival rate of the first instar larvae was 23.67%28.88%,that of the second instar larvae was 53.26%67.65%,that of the third instar larvae was 83.67%84.78%,and that of the fourth instar larvae was 96.69%100%,but the larvae survived longer than those fed with SE or CC or MJ.When the adults were fed with industrial diet,they had longer preoviposition period,fewer eggs laid with lower hatchability.The alternate feeding of CC eggs and MJ could improve the survival rate of the larvae,but still reduce the number of eggs laid.Through multivariate analysis,it was considered that formula feed A could be used to feed Coccinella transversalis in larval period of 34 instars and nonoviposition period of adults,but the use of rice moth eggs supplemented with honey as a substituted prey,and feeding MJ during the oviposition period of 1st instar larvae and adults could improve the survival rate of larvae and oviposition rate of adults.

关 键 词：狭臀瓢虫 人工饲料 替代猎物 产卵量 发育历期 

分 类 号：S433.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]