橡胶树气刺微割高效割胶技术对比试验  

Comparison Experiment of Mico-tapping of Rubber Tree with Gas Stimulation

作　　者：李明谦[1] 穆红军 刘洪平 冯波 李文华 郭芳祥[1] LI Mingqian;MU Hongjun;LIU Hongping;FENG Bo;LI Wenhua;GUO Fangxiang(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong 666100,China;Jinghong State-farm Agro-forest-water Integrated Service Centre,Jinghong 666100,China;Jinghong State-farm Hongqi Community,Jinghong 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100 [2]景洪农场农林水综合服务中心,云南景洪666100 [3]景洪农场红旗生产队,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《热带农业科技》2019年第4期9-14,44,共7页Tropical Agricultural Science & Technology

基　　金：国家天然橡胶产业技术体系西双版纳综合试验站（CARS-34-ZD9）

摘　　要：比较相同条件的老龄割胶树位采用d4气刺微割、d3抗病增胶灵和d2乙烯利水剂进行不同割胶频率刺激割胶的生产情况,结果表明不同频率割胶产量及用工效率差异明显,降低采胶频率,割胶刀次减少,干胶产量下降7%~20%,干胶含量相当,株次产量差异显著,d4气刺微割株次产显著高于d3抗病增胶灵和d2乙烯利水剂刺激割胶。d4气刺微割省工明显,日用工时比d3和d2刺激割胶节省31.25%,年用工时分别比d3和d2刺激割胶节约用工10.42%、22.5%;年度用工效率d4气刺微割分别为d2和d3刺激割胶的5.2倍、3.8倍,用工效率d3与d2相比提高1.4倍;人均割胶劳动效率d4气刺微割比d2和d3刺激割胶分别提高3.6倍和3.2倍。气刺微割采胶速度快,产量稳定,死皮恢复好,耗皮节省能延长胶树经济寿命,通过降低割胶频率可以增加人均日割株与承割岗位数,大幅提高人均产量和效益,配以轻简化采收技术的推广应用,完善高产高效采胶技术,能有效提高割胶劳动生产率。Comparison experiment of latex harvest technology with three treatments under the same condition was conducted in the aging rubber plantation.The results indicated that there was significant difference in yield per tree in three treatments.The net increasing yield in treatment of Mc S/8U d4+ETG99%was decreased by 7%to 20%compared with the other two treatments(S/2+S/4U d3+ET3.5%and S/2+S/4U d2+ET3.5%),the yield of dry rubber also reduced with low tapping frequency and less cut,but the plant yield was significant higher than that of under the other treatments with equivalent dry rubber content and light TPD.There are obvious advantages in saving labor cost under treatment of Mc S/8U d4+ETG99%.Compared with the other two treatments,its daily labor savings can reach to 31.25%and annal labor cost saved 10.42%and 22.5%,respectively.The treatment of Mc S/8U d4+ETG99%are 5.2 times and 3.8 times working efficiency of treatments of S/2+S/4U d2+ET3.5%and S/2+S/4U d3+ET3.5%.It`s found that economic life of rubber tree can be prolonged by using mico-tapping with gas stimulation,which has characteristics of quick latex harvest,stable yield,TPD recovery,less bark consumption,etc..The average per capita output and labor productivity can be improved greatly after increasing labor daily tapping trees and tapping tasks in low tapping frequency,comabined with simplified latex harvest technology with high efficiency.

关 键 词：橡胶树 气刺微割 割胶工效 

分 类 号：S794.108[农业科学—林木遗传育种]