面向机电暂态分析的光伏发电参与电网频率调节控制策略  

Single-stage grid-connected photovoltaic generation takes part in grid frequency regulation for electromechanical transient analysis

作　　者：孙铭爽 贾祺[1] 张善峰 杨慧彪 SUN Mingshuang;JIA Qi;ZHANG Shanfeng;YANG Huibiao(School of Electrical Engineering,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin 132012,China;Ningxia Electric Power Research Institute,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Electrical Energy Security,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]东北电力大学电气工程学院,吉林吉林132012 [2]国网宁夏电力科学研究院,宁夏银川750002 [3]宁夏电力能源安全重点实验室,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《电力系统保护与控制》2019年第18期28-37,共10页Power System Protection and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(51277024);国家电网公司科技项目资助(5229DK17000W)“光伏电站秒级功率扰动的频率和电压主动控制技术研究”~~

摘　　要：为解决大规模光伏发电并网带来的系统调频能力不足的问题,提出面向机电暂态分析的单级式光伏发电有功功率-频率下垂控制和虚拟惯量控制,通过修改逆变器的控制结构来实现光伏发电主动参与电网频率调节。基于光伏发电不平衡有功功率激励-相位输出响应关系,分析控制增益系数、时间常数以及锁相环控制带宽对光伏发电的惯量特性的影响。仿真结果表明:逆变器可按照设定的下垂曲线来控制光伏阵列增发或减少一定量的有功功率,抑制电网频率跌落或升高;频率动态过程中,由于并网点电压矢量的动态作用而诱发的光伏发电增发功率取决于其虚拟惯量控制;虚拟惯量控制增益越大、时间常数越小或者锁相环控制带宽越小,光伏发电的虚拟惯量越大,频率动态过程中可提供支撑的功率越多。In order to solve the problem of insufficient frequency regulation capacity caused by the large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic(PV)generation,the active power-frequency droop control strategy and virtual inertial control strategy are proposed for single-stage grid-connected PV generation for electromechanical transient analysis.By modifying the control structure of the inverter,PV generation actively gets involved in frequency regulation.Based on the relationship between unbalanced active power excitation and phase output response,the influence of control gain coefficient,time constant and phase-locked loop control bandwidth on the inertial characteristics of PV generation is analyzed.The simulation results indicate that the inverter can control the PV array to increase or decrease the active power generated according to the set droop curve,so as to suppress the drop or rise of the grid frequency;in the dynamic process of frequency,the incremental power of PV generation induced by the dynamic action of the voltage vector of grid connection point is dependent on its virtual inertial control;the greater the gain of virtual inertial control,the smaller the time constant or the smaller the control bandwidth of the phase-locked loop,the greater the virtual inertia of PV generation,and the more supportive power can be provided in the dynamic process of frequency.

关 键 词：单级式光伏发电 频率调节 下垂控制 虚拟惯量控制 逆变器 

分 类 号：TM7[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]