小冰麦附加系高代材料中染色体的组成和变异研究  

The chromosomal composition and variations of wheat-Thinopyrum alien addition lines

作　　者：李亚莉[1] 董艳辉[1] 侯丽媛[1] 王育川 吴新明 Li Yali;Dong Yanhui;Hou Liyuan;Wang Yuchuan;Wu Xinming(Reseach Center of Biotechnololgy,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031 China;Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Division 6 of XPCG,Wujiaqu 831300,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,山西太原030031 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第六师农业科学研究所,新疆五家渠831300

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第6期8-12,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省青年基金(201701D221);山西省科技成果转化引导专项项目(201804D131066)

摘　　要：[目的]中间偃麦草因含有许多有益基因,在小麦育种工作中经常用来和普通小麦杂交改良小麦。[方法]在本研究中,以小冰麦附加系的高代材料为研究对象,应用FISH、GISH、Mc-GISH技术检测小冰麦异附加系高代材料TAI系列的染色体组成和变异情况。[结果]细胞学检测结果表明:在TAI-I和TAI-II系列高代材料中,均检测到后代染色体发生重构和染色体变异,包括置换、断裂、易位以及着丝粒变异。[结论]这些细胞学水平的染色体结构变异更进一步验证了通过创制育种中间材料实现将有益基因转移到普通小麦中的可行性,同时,这些新材料的创制也为异源新种质的创制奠定基础。[Objective]Thinopyrumintermedium is a wild relative of common wheat that possesses rich valuable traits forwheat(Triticum aestivum)breeding.[Methods]In this study,the chromosomal composition and variation of high-generation inbred lines of TAI series were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)technology,genomic in situ hybridization(GISH)technology,and multicolor-genomic in situ hybridization(Mc-GISH)technology.[Results]Cytological studies demonstrated that new chromosomal composition and variations,including substitutions,truncations and translocationsA,and centromericvariations,were detected in all tested TAI materials.[Conclusion]The chromosomal compositions and variations of TAI series could be exploited as an intermediate material for further transferring desirable genes into common wheat.The discovery of these new materials laid the foundation for the creation of heterogenous new species.

关 键 词：TAI系列 染色体变异 GISH FISH Mc-GISH 

分 类 号：S512.5[农业科学—作物学]