甘蔗联合固氮的回顾与展望  

Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Association with Sugarcane :Retrospect and Prospect

作　　者：林丽 李杨瑞 安千里[2] LIN Li;LI Yang-rui;AN Qian-li(Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007;Institute of Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所,南宁530007 [2]浙江大学生物技术研究所,杭州310058

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2019年第10期46-56,共11页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（31471449,31560369）;浙江省自然科学基金项目（LY14C010002）

摘　　要：在巴西,某些甘蔗品种能通过生物固氮获得生长所需氮素。对甘蔗根际固氮菌和内生固氮菌的研究曾引领了非豆科植物联合固氮的研究。内生固氮菌Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus表现出很多特性,与Herbaspirillum seropedicae、H.rubrisubalbicans、Nitrospirillum amazonense和Paraburkholderia tropica组成的固氮菌剂能联合甘蔗固氮并促进甘蔗生长。近年来的研究发现分类上属于Bradyrhizobium和Rhizobium等属的根瘤菌在与甘蔗联合的核心固氮菌群之中,以不结瘤的方式在甘蔗体内活跃地表达固氮酶基因。综述了这些甘蔗联合固氮菌的特色研究并探讨优化甘蔗联合固氮的策略。In Brazil certain sugarcane varieties are able to obtain large contributions of nitrogen via biological nitrogen fixation.The research on rhizosphere and endophytic diazotrophs associated with sugarcane led the research on associative nitrogen fixation in non-legume plants.The endophytic diazotroph Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus shows some distinctive characteristics,and the diazotroph consortium containing G.diazotrophicus,Herbaspirillum seropedicae,Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans,Nitrospirillum amazonense and Paraburkholderia tropica is able to fix nitrogen in association with sugarcane and promote sugarcane growth.Recent studies reveal that some diazotrophs belonging to Bradyrhizobium,Rhizobium and other rhizobial genera are in the core nitrogen-fixing microbiota associated with sugarcane and actively express the gene encoding dinitrogenase reductase in sugarcane without nodulation.This review introduces some featured studies on these diazotrophs associated with sugarcane and discusses the strategies to optimize the associative nitrogen fixation with sugarcane.

关 键 词：固氮 非豆科植物 内生细菌 根瘤菌 核心微生物菌群 合成功能菌群 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]