基于激光跟踪仪的特大型直齿轮齿距偏差测量新方法  

New Method of Tooth Pitch Deviation Measurement based on Laser Tracker for Mega Spur Gear

作　　者：张白[1] 林家春[2] Zhang Bai;Lin Jiachun(College of Electrical and Information Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学电气信息工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]北京工业大学北京市精密测控技术与仪器工程技术研究中心,北京100124

出　　处：《机械传动》2019年第10期146-150,共5页Journal of Mechanical Transmission

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51505005)

摘　　要：为了测量特大型齿轮齿距偏差,提出了基于激光跟踪仪的特大型直齿轮齿距测量新方法。利用激光跟踪仪的大空间测量能力测量齿轮齿槽,分别获得被测特大型直齿轮相邻两条齿距误差曲线。由于被测齿轮直径超过6 000 mm,可以根据点到直线距离公式近似计算单个齿距误差。首先,分析了传统方法下基于激光跟踪仪构建齿轮工件坐标系后的齿距测量模型,并根据特大型直齿轮的特点,提出了基于激光跟踪仪的无坐标系特大型直齿轮齿距误差测量模型。测量模型回避了特大型齿轮工件坐标系的建立,直接对齿槽进行双面接触测量;通过对两条齿槽测量直线进行误差评定即可获得单个齿距最大误差与单个齿距平均误差,通过转站测量实现齿距累积总偏差的测量;最后,采用蒙特卡罗法对不同测量方法的测量不确定度进行仿真分析,得出系统测量不确定度。实验结果表明,提出的基于激光跟踪仪的特大型直齿轮齿距偏差测量方法满足直径6 000 mm以上的8级精度特大型齿轮的单个齿距偏差测量要求,满足直径6 000 mm以上的10级精度特大型齿轮的齿距累积总偏差测量要求。To measure pitch deviation of mega spur gears,a new method for measuring the pitch of mega spur gears based on laser tracker is proposed.The measuring ability of laser tracker in large space is used to measure gear groove,and two adjacent pitch error curves of measured mega spur gear are obtained respectively.Because of the diameter of measured gear exceeds 6 meters,the single pitch error can be approximately calculat ed according to the formula of point-to-line distance.Firstly,the pitch measurement model of the gear work piece coordinate system based on laser tracker is analyzed,and according to the characteristics of the mega spur gear,the pitch error measurement model of the mega spur gear without coordinate system based on laser tracker is proposed.The measurement model avoids the establishment of workpiece coordinate system of mega gear and directly measures tooth space with two-sided contact condition.By evaluating the errors of two measuring straight lines of the tooth space,the max single pitch error and the average single pitch deviation can be ob tained.By transferring station measurement of laser tracker,total cumulative pitch deviation can be obtained.Fi nally,the uncertainties of system measurement of different measurement model are simulated and analyzed by the Monte Carlo method.The experimental results show that the method for measuring the pitch of mega spur gears based on laser tracker meets the single pitch deviation measurement requirements of 8-grade mega spur gears with diameter of more than 6 meters,and meets the total cumulative pitch deviation measurement require ments of 10-grade mega gears with diameter of more than 6 meters.

关 键 词：特大型齿轮测量 激光跟踪仪 齿距偏差测量 单个齿距偏差 齿距累积总偏差 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]