美洲商陆水浸提液对4种作物的化感效应  

Allelopathic effects of extracts of Phytolacca americana on four crops

作　　者：邹汶廷 潘云柳 张志飞[1] 陈桂华[1] ZOU Wenting;PAN Yunliu;ZHANG Zhifei;CHEN Guihua(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第5期472-477,共6页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：农业部财政专项(131621301352025)

摘　　要：以高粱、水稻、油菜、萝卜4种作物的种子为受体,研究4种浓度的美洲商陆地上部水浸提液处理T1(0.5 mg/mL)、T2(1.0 mg/mL)、T3(2.0 mg/mL)、T4(4.0 mg/mL)和4种浓度的美洲商陆地下部水浸提液处理C1(0.5 mg/mL)、C2(1.0 mg/mL)、C3(2.0 mg/mL)、C4(4.0 mg/mL)对4种作物的萌发指标和生理指标的影响。结果表明:低浓度(0.5、1.0 mg/mL)美洲商陆地上部和地下部水浸提液可促进4种作物种子的萌发,高浓度(2.0、4.0 mg/mL)则抑制种子萌发;各处理对受体幼苗的根长、苗长有抑制作用,且随浓度升高,抑制作用增强;美洲商陆地上部、地下部水浸提液可降低4种作物幼苗体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性,同时提高了丙二醛(MDA)的含量和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性。由此可知,美洲商陆地上部和地下部水浸提液对高粱、水稻、油菜、萝卜具有明显的化感作用。In this study,we used four crop seeds of Sorghum bicolor,Oryza sativa,Brassica campestris and Raphanus sativus as material to study the allelopathic effects of extracts from Phytolacca americana.The extracts were prepared from two types of Phytolacca americana,over ground and underground,at four concentrations,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 mg/mL respectively.The results showed that low concentration(0.5,1.0 mg/mL)from the overground and underground parts could promote the germination of seeds of four crops,while high concentration(2.0,4.0 mg/mL)inhibited seed germination.The extracts had obvious inhibitory effect on the root length and seedling length,and the inhibitory effect is enhanced with the increase of concentration;the extracts could reduce the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)in the seedlings of the all four crops,and increase the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of catalase(CAT).It can be concluded that the water extracts from the upper and underground parts of the Phytolacca americana have obvious allelopathic effects on the studied four crops.

关 键 词：美洲商陆 化感效应 水浸提液 高粱 水稻 油菜 萝卜 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护] Q945.7[生物学—植物学]