硫包衣尿素用量对旱作区胡麻生长及产量性状的影响  

Effects of sulfur coated urea dosage on growth and yield traits of oil flax in dry farming region

作　　者：张炜 陆俊武 曹秀霞 钱爱萍 剡宽将 ZHANG Wei;LU Jun-wu;CAO Xiu-xia;QIAN Ai-ping;YAN Kuan-jiang(Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Guyuan Branch,Guyuan Ningxia 756000)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院固原分院

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2019年第5期53-58,154,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家特色油料产业技术体系项目(CARS-14-2-28);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大(重点)项目(2018BBF02005)

摘　　要：针对旱作区胡麻生产中种肥无法满足全生育期养分需求,缺乏灌溉条件,无法进行追肥的问题,于2015~2016年,在宁夏彭阳县旱作雨养农业区以硫包衣尿素为供试肥料,开展田间试验,研究硫包衣尿素用量对旱地条件下胡麻的营养生长、干物质积累、经济性状和籽粒产量的影响,综合评价了硫包衣尿素不同用量的增产效果及氮肥利用效率。结果表明:硫包衣尿素能有效促进旱作区胡麻的营养器官生长,有助于干物质累积,显著提高了经济性状指标、籽粒产量及水肥利用效率,在干旱年份增幅尤为明显。随着硫包衣尿素用量的增加,胡麻植株的生长量、经济性状指标及籽粒产量也随之增加,两年间各项指标变化趋势基本一致。在187.5 kg/hm^2的施肥水平,其两年的植株高度、地上部鲜重、地上部干重、籽粒产量平均值均达到最大,分别达到55.98 cm、8.72 g、2.57 g、1 648.64 kg/hm2,较对照增加13.55%、137.09%、115.07%、32.16%。In dry farming region of Ningxia,the seed fertilizer in the production of oil flax can not meet the nutrient demand in the whole growth period,and it is impossible to carry out topdressing due to lack of irrigation conditions.In 2015~2016,field trials were carried out to study the effects of sulfur coated urea dosage on vegetative growth,dry matter accumulation,economic traits and grain yield of oil flax in the dry farming and rain-fed agricultural region of Pengyang County,Ningxia.And the yield increase effect and nitrogen utilization rate of different sulfur coated urea dosage were evaluated comprehensively.The results showed that sulfur coated urea effectively promoted the growth of vegetative organs of oil flax in dry farming region,contributed to the accumulation of dry matter,and significantly improved economic traits,grain yield and water-fertilizer utilization rate,the increase was particularly evident in drought years.With the increase of the amount of sulfur coated urea,the growth,economic traits and grain yield of oil flax plants also increased,and the trends of various indicators in the two years were basically the same.Under the fertilization level of 187.5 kg/hm2,the average of plant height,above-ground fresh weight,above-ground dry weight and grain yield of the two years reached the maximum,reaching 55.98 cm,8.72 g,2.57 g and 1 648.64 kg/hm^2,respectively.Compared with the control,the increase was 13.55%,137.09%,115.07%,and 32.16%.

关 键 词：硫包衣尿素 缓/控释肥 旱作区 胡麻(油用亚麻) 产量性状 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]