东海区延长伏季休渔期渔业资源增殖效果分析  

Effects of prolonging summer fishing moratorium in the East China Sea on the increment of fishery resources

作　　者：严利平[1] 刘尊雷[1] 金艳[1] 程家骅[1] YAN Li-ping;LIU Zun-lei;JIN Yan;CHENG Jia-hua(Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业农村部东海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2019年第5期513-519,共7页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303047);农业部财政项目—东海渔业资源调查(2014—2017)、伏季休渔效果分析评估(2017)、中日暂定措施水域资源调查(2014—2017)

摘　　要：为评价2017年东海区延长伏季休渔期的渔业资源增殖效果,依据2014—2017年每年5月上旬和8月下旬东海区拖网大面定点调查资料,分析了2017年和2014—2016年的8月下旬(休渔后期)的渔业资源密度、资源结构和资源补充能力的同比差异,以及5月上旬和8月下旬的资源密度环比差异。结果表明,总渔业资源、鱼类及3种典型资源种带鱼(Trichiurus japonicus)、小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)、银鲳(Pampus argenteus)的资源密度同比和环比均以2017年为高;2017年资源密度相对增长率鱼类>甲壳类>头足类;2017年休渔后期主要经济种类的生物量或尾数合计比例均高于2014—2016年,生态优势种更为集中;以带鱼、小黄鱼和银鲳为代表种的休渔后期资源补充数量和单位亲鱼量补充量均以2017年为最高。研究认为,东海区延长伏季休渔期具有渔业资源增殖效果,其中对鱼类的贡献最大;但现有休渔制度对渔业资源仅起到短期暂养的养护作用,延长休渔期的渔业增产效果仅仅限于当年。Based on the trawl survey data in early May and late August of each year from 2014 to 2017,the differences of fishery resource density,resource structure and resource supplement capacity were analyzed between 2017 and the late August of 2014—2016(after the fishing moratorium),and the resource density differences between early May and late August were also analyzed.Thereby,we evaluated the effects of prolonging summer fishing moratorium in the East China Sea in 2017.The results showed that the CPUE of total fishery resources,fishes,hairtail Trichiurus japonicus,small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis and silver pomfret Pampus argenteus were the highest in 2017.The relative growth rate of resource density in 2017 was in the sequence of fishes>crustaceans>cephalopods;the total biomass and abundance of major economic species in the late summer fishing moratorium period in 2017 was higher than that in 2014—2016,and the ecological dominant species were more concentrated.Taking T.japonicus,L.polyactis,P.argenteus as examples,the number of their resource replenishment and the recruitment per spawning in the late summer fishing moratorium period were all the highest in 2017.Taking the above results into account,the extension of summer fishing moratorium in the East China Sea has the effect of increasing fishery resources,and fishes contribute the most to the increase of resource output.According to the study,the current fishing moratorium only serves as a short-term temporary conservation,and the effect of the increasing fishery production during the extended fishing moratorium is limited to the current year.

关 键 词：伏季休渔 增殖效果 拖网调查 东海区 

分 类 号：S932[农业科学—渔业资源]