北仑河口红树林地埋管道生态养殖系统多环芳烃的分布、影响因素及风险评价  

Distribution, influence and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in the mangrove underground in situ pipe eco-farming system in Beilun Estuary

作　　者：李斌[1,2] 庞碧剑 谭趣孜 巫冷蝉[1,2] LI Bin;PANG Bi-jian;TAN Qu-zi;WU Leng-chan(Guangxi Mangrove Research Center,Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Beihai 536000,China;Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization,Beihai 536000,China;Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangxi,Beihai 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科学院广西红树林研究中心,北海536000 [2]广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室,北海536000 [3]广西壮族自治区海洋环境监测中心站,北海536000

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2019年第5期520-535,共16页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：广西科学院基础科研业务费项目(13YJ22HS11);广西红树林保护与重点利用实验室系统性研究课题(GKLMC-201311)

摘　　要：研究了在中华乌塘鳢(Bostrychus sinensis)幼苗期(2013年5月,春季)、中鱼期(2013年7月,夏季)和成鱼期(2013年10月,秋季)北仑河口红树林地埋管道生态养殖系统多环芳烃(PAHs)的时空分布、组成、风险及来源,分析了养殖环境对PAHs分布的影响因素及中华乌塘鳢的富集响应,并评估了养殖环境的理论阈值及剩余环境容量。结果表明,系统内4个管理窗口(G1、G7、G3、G5)养殖水体的多环芳烃浓度的空间变化为G5>G7>G1>G3,主要受管理窗口理化性质差异、海水和陆源输入的影响;时间变化为中鱼期>成鱼期>幼苗期,主要与珍珠湾水质季节变化以及地表径流输入有关。受管道颗粒物含量影响,沉积物多环芳烃含量的空间变化为G1>G3>G7>G5;时间变化为幼苗期>中鱼期>成鱼期,主要与珍珠湾水质季节变化有关。幼苗期管理窗口水体多环芳烃主要源于石油燃烧排放,中鱼期主要是石油、石油燃烧和木、煤燃烧排放的混合源,成鱼期主要源于木、煤燃烧排放。而沉积物的多环芳烃主要是石油燃烧和木、煤燃烧排放来源。养殖水体多环芳烃的危害商值(HQ)小于1,沉积物多环芳烃含量均低于效应区间低值(ERL),说明该系统多环芳烃的生态风险较小。中华乌塘鳢的致癌风险指数(CRI)均低于1×10^-6,没有致癌风险,CRI的时间变化主要与珍珠湾水质的季节变化有关,空间变化可能受陆源输入影响。中华乌塘鳢的CRI为可接受或较高时,红树林地埋管道生态养殖系统PAHs的剩余环境容量较高,养殖环境较好。Spatial and temporal distribution,individual composition,risk and sources of polycyclic aroamatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the mangrove underground in situ pipe eco-farming system located in Beilun Estuary were investigated in the juvenile stage,adult growth stage and adult stage of Bostrychus sinensis in 2013.While the influence of PAHs on aquaculture environment and the enrichment of Bostrychus sinensis were analyzed,the theoretical environmental threshold and remaining capacity of PAHs were also ascertained.Results indicated that the spatial variations of PAHs in aquatic water of each chamber,which was affected by seawater,continental runoff and physicochemical property in chambers,decreased in order of G5>G7>G1>G3.The temporal variations of PAHs in aquatic water of chambers related to seasonal changes of seawater quality and continental runoff,decreased in order of adult growth stage>adult stage>juvenile stage.The spatial variations of PAHs in surface sediments of chambers influenced by the concentration of suspended solids in pipes,decreased in order of G1>G3>G7>G5.And the temporal variations of PAHs in surface sediments of chambers related to the quality of seawater in Zhenzhu Bay,followed the order of juvenile stage>adult growth stage>adult stage.The main sources of PAHs in seawater of chambers in juvenile stage and adult stage were petroleum combustion and coal combustion,respectively,while petroleum,petroleum combustion and coal combustion contributed most to the adult growth stage.PAHs in sediment mainly came from coal combustion and petroleum combustion.The hazard quotient(HQ)of PAHs in seawater and the average concentration of PAHs in sediments were less than 1 and effect range low(ERL)had low ecological risk and no toxicity to Bostrychus sinensis.As the cancer risk index(CRI)of B.sinensis in chambers were lower than 1×10-6,there was not carcinogenic risk in it.The temporal variations of CRI were related to the quality of sea water in Zhenzhu Bay,while the spatial variations were affected by continental

关 键 词：红树林 地埋管道生态养殖系统 多环芳烃 时空分布 风险评价 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X835