长骨骨干骨密质发生发育的组织形态结构  

Histological morphology of the development of compact bone of long bone diaphysis

作　　者：贾书花[1] 王炯[2] 郭金虎 刘学敏[3] Jia Shuhua;Wang Jiong;Guo Jinhu;Liu Xuemin(Department of Histology and Embryology,Changzhi Medical College,Changzhi 046000,China;Obstetrics and Gynecology,Affiliated Hospital,Changzhi Medical College,Changzhi 046000,China;Department of Anatomy,Changzhi Medical College,Changzhi 046000,China)

机构地区：[1]长治医学院组织学与胚胎学教研室,长治046000 [2]长治医学院附属和济医院妇产科,长治046000 [3]长治医学院解剖学教研室,长治046000

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2019年第5期439-441,共3页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：2016年度长治医学院科研启动基金(QDZ201633)

摘　　要：目的:探讨长骨骨干骨密质发生发育的组织形态结构特点。方法:根据人胚胎各期外形特征、长度和体质量,确定收集胚胎标本的胚胎龄。截取不同胚龄人胚胎标本及成人股骨中段,脱钙,制备切片,H-E染色。结果:股骨发生方式属软骨内骨发生。胚胎8周,在软骨基质表面附着成骨细胞,已有薄层的骨质出现,可见骨髓腔,腔内有骨髓。胚胎16周,无软骨基质,骨组织呈网状,网状骨表面有成骨细胞附着,网间含骨髓。胚胎25周左右,网状骨增多增厚,其余结构同前。胚胎38周左右,骨组织继续增厚,骨单位雏形形成。成人长骨骨干密质骨横切面,可见大小不一的骨单位、间骨板,还可见少量较大的腔隙。结论:骨发生和生长过程中,骨的改建与整个机体的发育和生理功能相适应,持续伴随终身。在胚胎时期,长骨形成为软骨内骨发生方式,骨干密质骨的形成在软骨基质完全被骨组织取代后是以成骨为主,直至出生;其形态结构变化依次经历了软骨组织形成与破坏、网状骨组织形成、骨单位雏形形成;形成骨髓腔的部位则破骨大于成骨,最终形成长骨骨干部连通的髓腔。出生后,受应力的作用,成骨和破骨均活跃,典型的骨单位、间骨板和环骨板形成。Objective:To investigate the histological characteristics of the development of compact bone of long bone diaphysis.Methods:According to the appearance,length and weight of human embryo,the embryonic age of the collected embryo specimen was determined.Human embryo specimens of different embryonic ages and the middle femur of adults were intercepted and decalcified.The sections were prepared and stained with H-E staining.Results:The way the femur occured was the occurrence of endochondral bone.In the 8th week of the embryo,bone cells were attached to the surface of the cartilage matrix,and thin layers of bone appeared.The bone marrow cavity was visible and there was bone marrow in the cavity.By embryonic week 16,no cartilage matrix was found,bone was in the shape of mesh,osteoblasts were attached to the surface of the reticular bone,interreticular bone marrow were found.About 25 weeks embryo,the reticular bone increased and thickened,and the rest of the structure was the same.About 38 weeks embryo,the bone tissue continued to thicken and the bone unit was formed.Different sizes of bone units and interbone plates were found on the cross section of dense adult long bone diaphysis,and a small amount of larger cavity could also been seen.Conclusion:During the occurrence and growth of bone,the reconstruction of bone is suitable for the development and physiological function of t he whole body,and continues to last for the rest of life.In the embryonic stage,the formation of long bone is the occurrence of cartilage bone,the formation of the compact bone of diaphysis is dominated by osteogenesis after the cartilage matrix is completely replaced by bone tissue until birth;its morphological structure changes have undergone the formation and destruction of cartilage tissue,the formation of reticular bone tissue,and osteon formation;the site where the medullary cavity is formed is bone damage larger than the osteogenesis,and eventually the medullary cavity connected by the long-bone cadre is formed.After birth,under the acti

关 键 词：长骨 骨干 骨密质 组织学结构 人 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学]