菱形颗粒冲击延性材料的运动行为及凹坑形态研究  

A study on the kinematic behavior and crater shape of rhomboid particle impacting ductile material

作　　者：杜明超 李增亮[1] 董祥伟[1] 孙召成 范春永 车家琪[1] DU Mingchao;LI Zengliang;DONG Xiangwei;SUN Zhaocheng;FAN Chunyong;CHE Jiaqi(Mechanic and Electronic Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2019年第20期97-105,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2018MA028;ZR2018BA020);国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05011004-002);研究生创新工程(YCX2018054)

摘　　要：针对菱形颗粒的冲蚀磨损过程建立了基于拉格朗日法的耦合数值计算模型,通过模型分析了不同冲击速度v i、冲击角αi和方位角θi下菱形颗粒冲击延性材料的运动学行为和凹坑轮廓形态。结果表明:冲击角和方位角是决定颗粒旋转的关键因素,但会受冲击速度的影响发生变化。冲击速度对前旋颗粒的旋转方向和运动行为影响较小,产生的凹坑轮廓基本不变;对“后旋”颗粒的运动行为影响较大,存在某一切削速度范围55~100 m/s,当v i在该范围内时,延性材料表面发生切屑分离,当v i小于或大于该范围,均无切屑分离现象发生,只发生材料堆积,但形成材料堆积的原因不同,冲击速度小时初始动能低,不足以将材料切断剔除,被“挖掘”的材料堆积在凹坑表面;冲击速度大时颗粒法向嵌入深,颗粒出现“挖掘”和“微切削”的综合作用,在“微切削”的作用下产生细长切屑堆积在凹坑前面。低冲击角和大方位角的临界冲击在不同冲击速度下产生的颗粒运动行为和凹坑轮廓与“后旋”冲击产生的规律一致,高冲击角和小方位角的临界冲击在不同冲击速度下产生的颗粒运动行为和凹坑轮廓与前旋冲击产生的规律一致。A coupled numerical simulation model based on the Lagrange method was established for the erosion wear process of rhomboid particles,and the kinematic behavior and crater shape of rhomboid particle impact ductile materials at different impact velocity v i,impact angleαi and orientation angleθi were analyzed by the model.The results show that the impact angle and orientation angle are the key factors that determine the rotation of particles,but will be affected by the impact velocity.From the results,it is known that the impact velocity has little effect on the rotation direction and the kinematic behavior of the forward rotating particles,and the crater profile generated by the particles was almost unchanged.On the contrast,the impact velocity has great influence on the kinematic behavior of the backward particles;there is a cutting speed range from 55 m/s to 100 m/s.When v i is within this range,chip separation occurs on the ductile material surface.When v i is smaller or larger than this range,no chip separation occurs,but the material pile-up happens.The reasons for the material pile-up in the two cases are different.When the impact velocity is small,the initial kinetic energy is low,which is not enough to cut off the material,and the material accumulated on the surface of the crater;when the impact velocity is large,the normal insertion of the particles is deep,and the particles have the combined effects of“dig”and“micro-cutting”.Under the effect of“micro-cutting”,slender chips accumulated on the surface of the crater.The critical impact of low impact angle and large orientation angle generated particle kinematic behavior and crater profile under different impact velocity is consistent with the law of backward impact,and the critical impact of high impact angle and small orientation angle produced particle kinematic behavior and crater profile under different impact velocity is consistent with the law of forward impact.

关 键 词：菱形颗粒 冲蚀磨损 耦合数值计算模型 颗粒旋转 冲击速度 

分 类 号：TH17.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH691.9