粒苗兼用型大麦新品种福大麦2号的选育  

Breeding of Grain-Sprout Dual-Utility Barley, Fudamai No. 2

作　　者：张扬[1,2] 蓝新隆 黄旭旻[1,2] 肖卫洪 张秋英 陈剑锋 ZHANG Yang;LAN Xin-long;HUANG Xu-min;XIAO Wei-hong;ZHANG Qiu-ying;CHEN Jian-feng(Institute of Crops,Academy of Fujian Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian350013,China;Technical Research Center of Specialty Dry Crop Variety Breeding of Fujian,Fuzhou,Fujian350013,China;Cash Crop Management Station,Agriculture Bureau of Fujian Zhouning,Ningde,Fujian355400,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院作物研究所,福建福州350013 [2]福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013 [3]福建省周宁县农业局经作站,福建宁德355400

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2019年第7期757-763,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2017R1026-2);福建省农业科学院一般项目(AC2017-15),福建省农业科学院科技创新项目(A2015-1);福建省财政专项——福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(STIT2017-2-6);福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心平台建设项目(闽科计[2017]13号)

摘　　要：【目的】为促进大麦品种更新换代,满足种植业结构调整新需求,通过秋水仙素诱变育种选育出粒苗兼用型皮大麦新品种供推广种植。【方法】2003年冬季采用秋水仙素溶液处理分蘖盛期的闽诱3号植株,2004年春季从其诱变后代变异群体中筛选优势单株为母本与父本莆大麦5号杂交,进行多年多点系谱选育,选育出粒苗兼用型皮大麦新品种福大麦2号。【结果】2012^-2014年连续2年参加福建省区试,第1年平均产量4 450.58 kg·hm^-2,比对照品种(福大麦1号,下同)增产5.6%,增产达到极显著水平;第2年平均产量4 612.95 kg·hm^-2,比对照品种增产5.2%,增产达到极显著水平;对白粉病、赤霉病和锈病的抗性都达到中抗以上水平,抗病性综合表现与对照品种相当。2014^-2015年参加生产试验,平均产量4 662.95 kg·hm^-2,比对照品种增产6.29%。2015年进行麦苗产量测产试验,福大麦2号的鲜麦苗产量为24 084.75 kg·hm^-2,比对照品种增产8.42%;氨基酸总量为22.65 g·hg^-1,比对照品种多9.0%;维生素C和蛋白质含量与对照品种相当。【结论】福大麦2号分蘖力强,再生性好,有效穗数多,穗长粒大,籽粒产量高,抗病性较强,是具有推广价值的皮大麦新品种;其麦苗产量高、品质好,是作为加工麦苗粉或麦苗汁等保健食品的理想原料。该品种适宜在福建省及相似生态区推广种植。【Objective】To develop a barley variety with the grains suitable either for food as it or for sprout production to meet the marketing demand.【Method】In the winter of 2003,the colchicine mutagenesis breeding method was employed to treat Minyou No.3 during tiller development period.In the following spring,desirable mutants were crossed as female plant with the male Pudamai No.5.The new hybrid barley was then cultivated after years of pedigree breeding to arrive at the finalized cultivar,Fudamai No.2.【Result】In 2012^-2014 district production trials in Fujian,Fudamai No.2 delivered an average annual yield of 4 550.58 kg·hm^-2 in the first year which was 5.6%higher than that of the reference,Fudamai No.1,and 4 612.95 kg·hm^-2 for the second year with a 5.2%increase over the reference(both at significant differences).Like the reference,the new variety exhibited above moderate resistances to the powdery mildew,scab,and rust.In the 2015 production trial,an average yield of 4 662.95 kg·hm^-2 was obtained which represented a 6.29%increase over that of the reference.During the same year,the yield of fresh barley sprouts from Fudamai No.2 in a trial was 24 084.75 kg·hm^-2 representing an 8.42%increase over that of control.As compared with the reference,the sprouts contained 22.65 g·hg^-1 of amino acids(an increase of 9%)and same levels on vitamin C and protein.【Conclusion】Fudamai No.2 was strong in tiller generation,robust in renewable capability,productive on panicles,long on spike length,high in grain yield,and strong resistance to diseases with a promising commercial value.The sprouts from the seeds had the desirable quality of high yield and nutritional quality for marketing and/or processing as a health food product,such as fresh barley sprouts,sprout powder or juice.This new variety was deemed suitable for extended cultivation in Fujian and regions of similar ecological conditions.

关 键 词：福大麦2号 粒苗兼用型品种 秋水仙素 诱变育种 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]