水处理用有机平板膜孔隙率三种测试方法比较  

Comparison of three methods testing porosity of organic flat membrane used for water treatment

作　　者：王旭亮 李宗雨 董泽亮 赵静红 潘献辉 郝军 WANG Xu-liang;LI Zong-yu;DONG Ze-liang;ZHAO Jing-hong;PAN Xian-hui;HAO Jun(Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization,MAR,Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所

出　　处：《工业用水与废水》2019年第5期57-62,共6页Industrial Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAB06B00);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(K-JBYWF-2015-T15)

摘　　要：简要论述了压汞法、重量法和密度法进行孔隙率测试的原理,并采用3种方法分别对4种不同材质的有机平板膜的孔隙率进行测试。结果表明,压汞法具有测量速度快、仪器分析准确度高、自动化程度高等特点,但受到理论模型的限制,膜内部存在的大量盲孔、凹凸孔导致孔隙率测试结果都偏高;重量法受膜样品形状的影响,而且在进行湿膜称量时人为操作误差比较大,所测孔隙率结果没有规律;密度法根据膜的表观密度和膜材料的密度求孔隙率,协同有机平板膜水通量测试结果,水通量增加,密度法所测孔隙率都增加。密度法是表征膜孔隙率比较准确且有效的一种方法,而且测试简便快捷。The principle of porosity test by mercury intrusion method,gravimetric method and density method was briefly discussed,and the porosity of four organic flat membranes with different materials was tested by three methods.The results showed that mercury intrusion method had characteristics of high measurement speed,high accuracy of instrument analysis and high degree of automation.However,due to the limitation of theoretical model,a large number of blind holes and concave and convex holes existing inside the membrane lead to higher porosity test results.Gravimetric method was affected by the shape of the membrane,and the personal operating error was relatively larger when the wet film was weighed,the measured porosity result was not regular.Density method calculated porosity according to the apparent density of the film and the density of the film material,and the water flux test results of the organic flat membrane showed that,the water flux increased,and the porosity measured by density method increased also.Density method is an accurate and effective method for membrane porosity characterization,and the test is simple and fast.

关 键 词：孔隙率 有机平板膜 压汞法 重量法 密度法 

分 类 号：TQ085[化学工程]