2010-2017年巴中市流感哨点监测病原学结果分析  

Etiological Analysis of Influenza Sentinel Surveillance in Bazhong City From 2010 to 2017

作　　者：杨勇[1] 吴开学 YANG Yong;WU Kaixue(Bazhong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Bazhong 636000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]巴中市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2019年第5期304-309,共6页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的了解巴中市流行性感冒(以下简称“流感”)流行趋势及其病原学特征,为巴中市流感防控措施的制定提供科学依据。方法收集2010-2017年巴中市流感监测哨点医院采集的流感样病例标本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR检测流感病毒核酸,应用SPSS 25.0软件对检测结果进行统计分析,组间率的比较采用χ2检验。结果2010-2017年,巴中市流感网络实验室共检测标本3 534份,检出核酸阳性709份,阳性率为20.06%。其中A型阳性481份,包括新甲型H1N1阳性132份,季节性甲型H3阳性348份,甲型H9N2阳性1份,2014年发现四川省内首例H9N2禽流感感染病例,B型流感病毒阳性228份。巴中市流感病毒型别变换频繁,主要流行优势株为A(H3N2)型(49.08%)流感病毒,各型别交替或共同流行,各年度流感病毒核酸检测阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=54.207,P<0.05)。甲型H1N1和B型流感病毒在5~14岁组阳性率最高,在60岁及以上组阳性率最低,不同年龄组间流感病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=46.367,P<0.05),季节性甲型H3流感病毒在各年龄组中阳性率无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.848,P>0.05)。不同性别流感病毒阳性率差异无统计学意义。结论甲型H3亚型流感病毒一直处于较活跃状态,各年龄人群均易感。应加强对老龄人群及低龄儿童的流感防控宣传和疫苗接种,继续对流感样病例进行持续监测,密切掌握流感病毒的变异和流行趋势。Objective To understand the influenza epidemic trends and its etiological characteristics in Bazhong City from 2010 to 2017 in order to provide scientific references for the formulation of influenza prevention and control measures in this area.Methods From 2010 to 2017,Real-time RTPCR was used to assay the Influenza virus nucleic acid of the specimens of influenza-like cases.Those specimens were collected from influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in this city.The results were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 software and Chi-square tests were used to compare the inter-group rates.Results From 2010 to 2017,a total of 3 534 samples were detected in Bazhong Influenza Network Laboratory.709 samples were positive for nucleic acid,and the positive rate was 20.06%.Among them,481 samples were positive for type A,including 132 samples of new H1N1,348 samples of seasonal H3,and 1 sample of H9N2.The first case of H9N2 avian influenza infection was found in Sichuan Province in 2014.A total of 228 samples were positive for type B virus.Influenza virus types changed frequently with alternate or co-epidemic types in Bazhong,and the dominant strain was A(H3N2)type(49.08%).There were statistical significances in the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid test in those years(χ2=54.207,P<0.05).The positive rates of influenza A(H1N1)and influenza B virus were the highest in the 5-14-year-old group and were the lowest in the 60-yearold group.The positive rates of influenza virus among different age groups were significantly significant(χ2=46.367,P<0.05).No significant differences in the positive rates of seasonal influenza A(H3)virus among different age groups were observed(χ2=1.848,P>0.05).There was no sex difference in the positive rates of influenza virus.Conclusion Influenza A(H3)virus has been in a high active state,and all age groups are susceptible.It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and vaccination of influenza in high-risk groups,such as the elderly people and young children,to monitor influenza-like cases,and to

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流感病毒 监测 病原学 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]