起爆方式对岩石柱状装药爆破作用的影响  

Influence of detonation mode on blasting effect of rock columnar charge

作　　者：李洪伟[1] 雷战 刘伟[1] 江向阳 王贵 LI Hong-wei;LEI Zhan;LIU Wei;JIANG Xiang-yang;WANG Gui(School of Chemical Engineering,Anhui University of Scienee and Technology,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China;Inner Mongolia Kangning Blasting Company,Eerdos 017000 Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]内蒙古康宁爆破有限责任公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《工程爆破》2019年第5期28-34,共7页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51404006);安徽高校自然科学研究重点资助项目(KJ2019A0123)

摘　　要：为提高炸药的能量利用率,改善岩石爆破的破碎效果,以及在柱状装药条件下选择最佳的起爆方式,通过单炮孔混凝土爆破实验研究了不同起爆方式对岩石柱状装药爆破作用的影响。对不同起爆方式下岩石的裂纹扩展和破碎效果进行了分析,并利用有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立单炮孔岩石爆破损伤模型,对不同起爆方式下岩石损伤过程进行了数值模拟。其结果表明:不同起爆方式对岩石爆破破碎作用影响较大,反向起爆相对于正向起爆和炮孔中部起爆在岩石表面产生的裂纹条数更多,裂纹扩展速度更快,岩石破碎程度更好;数值模拟结果和实验结果具有较好的吻合性,对起爆技术的改进和起爆方式在工程应用上的选择具有一定的指导意义。In order to improve the utilization of explosive energy and the rock blasting crushing effect and choose the best detonation mode under columnar charge conditions,the effect of different detonation mode on rock blasting effect was studied by single hole concrete blasting experiment.The crack growth and fracture effects of rocks under different detonation modes were studied and analyzed by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA to simulate rock damage process under the different detonation mode.The results show that comparing with the positive detonation and the central detonation of the blasthole,the reverse detonation produces more cracks on the rock surface,the crack propagation speed is faster and the rock breaks better.The numerical simulation results are in good consistency with the experimental results and the research results have certain guiding significance for the improvement of the detonation technology and the selection of the detonation method in engineering applications.

关 键 词：起爆方式 数值模拟 爆腔 裂纹扩展 岩石损伤 柱状装药 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]