太阳能供电的电子式土壤水势测量仪设计  

Design of an Electronic Soil Water Potential Measuring Instrument Powered by Solar Energy

作　　者：钱春阳[1] 王建春[1] 李凤菊[1] 刘伟 梁新书[2] 邹军军 QIAN Chunyang;WANG Jianchun;LI Fengju;LIU Wei;LIANG Xinshu;ZOU Junjun(Information Institute,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300192,China;Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Tianjin 300192,China;School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院信息研究所,天津300192 [2]天津市农业资源与环境研究所,天津300192 [3]河北工业大学人工智能与数据科学学院,天津300401

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第4期292-297,302,共7页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

基　　金：青年科研人员创新研究与实验(2018009;2018006);天津市科技计划项目(17YFZCNC00280);天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(201801040;201901060)

摘　　要：针对当前土壤湿度测量设备使用过程中易受外界环境影响、自动化程度低等问题,设计了具有数据自动存储/下载、太阳能与锂电池互补供电功能的电子式土壤水势测量仪。该测量仪采用测量系统的负压差近似表示土壤水的基质势,通过土壤张力数据的测量反映出土壤含水量的状况。采用STMicroelectronics(ST)公司STM32F103RCT6芯片作为主控制器,采用停机模式设计了系统低功耗工作流程;采用太阳能辅助锂电池进行能量存储与供应,设计了相应的供电及保护电路;采用主控制器内部A/D进行数据采样,并进行粗差剔除。测试表明,对采样的1 440组数据采用8阶多项式进行曲线拟合,决定系数R为0.998 6,RMSE为1.047,拟合度好,测试周期内电池电压值均保持在4 V以上,系统始终能够保持充足的能量对系统进行供电,与传统土壤水分张力计相比测量精度和准确度更高,数据存储、下载更加方便。An electronic soil water potential measuring instrument with functions of data automatic storage/download,solar energy and lithium battery complementary power supply was designed to solve the problems of the current soil moisture measuring equipment,such as its vulnerability to external environment and low degree of automation.The negative pressure difference of the measuring system was used to approximate the matrix potential of soil water and the soil moisture content was measured by the soil tension data.STM32F103RCT6(STMicroelectronics,ST)was used as the main controller,and the low power flow of the system was designed in shutdown mode.Using Solar energy assisted lithium battery for energy storage and supply,we designed the corresponding power supply and protection circuit.A/D inside the main controller was used for data sampling and coarse error elimination.Tests showed that the sampled 1 440 sets of data with 8 order polynomial curve fitting fit well,with the R square 0.998 6 and RMSE 1.047.During the test cycle,the battery voltage value remained more than 4V,and the system was always able to keep enough energy to power supply system.Compared with the traditional soil moisture tension meter,measuring precision and accuracy are higher and data storage and download,are more convenient.

关 键 词：土壤水势测量 低功耗 太阳能供电 

分 类 号：S126[农业科学—农业基础科学] TP23[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]