冬小麦种质资源丰产抗旱性表型鉴定及分析  

Identification and Analysis of Drought Resistance Phenotype of Winter Wheat Germplasm Resources with High Yield

作　　者：郭鹏燕[1] 任杰成[1] 赵吉平[1] 许瑛[1] 岳忠孝 张瑞栋[1] GUO Peng-yan;REN Jie-cheng;ZHAO Ji-ping(Institute of Industrial Crop,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fenyang,Shanxi 032200)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2019年第21期20-23,30,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院院攻关项目(YGG17046);山西省农业科学院农业科技成果转化与示范推广项目(2018CGZH-18)

摘　　要：[目的]研究干旱胁迫对冬小麦农艺性状及产量的影响,以及不同小麦种植资源的抗旱性和丰产性差异。[方法]设置了大田条件下设置灌溉和干旱2个处理,调查了50个小麦品种的株高、穗长、穗粒重、千粒重等13个性状,对不同品种的相关指标进行分析。[结果]在不同的环境条件下,有效穗数、穗粒数、穗粒重变异较大,说明不同处理下主要通过穗部因子来影响产量;在干旱处理下,有效穗数、最高茎数与抗旱系数、抗旱指数呈极显著正相关,说明提高有效穗数、最高茎数是提高干旱条件下产量的主要途径,可作为抗旱鉴定指标。[结论]中麦4072、长麦6686、晋太9923的抗旱指数与抗旱系数均较高,说明这3个品种兼顾丰产与抗旱,可以作为抗旱丰产优选亲本。[Objective]To study the influence of drought stress on winter wheat agronomic traits,as well as the yields and drought resistance differences between varieties.[Method]Irrigation or drought treatments were carried out in the field,and 13 traits of 50 different wheat varieties were investigated,including plant height,spike length,grain weight per spike,1 000-grain weight.Relavant index of different varieties were analyzed.[Result]Under different environmental conditions,effective ears,grains per panicle,grain weight per per panicle had relatively great variation,indicating that the yield was mainly affected by the panicle factor under different treatments.Under the drought treatment,effective ears,the highest tillers showed extremely positive correlation with drought resistance coefficient and drought resistance index,which indicated that increasing effective ears and the highest stems were the main way to increase yield under drought condition and these two index could be used as drought resistance identification index.[Conclusion]Zhongmai 4072,Changmai 6686 and Jintai 9923 showed relatively high drought resistance coefficient and drought resistance index,indicating that they could be used as the parents of high yield and drought resistance.

关 键 词：冬小麦 抗旱性 丰产性 表型鉴定 种质资源 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]