民族自治地方发展权的理论确立与实践探索  

On the Theoretical Establishment and Practical Exploration of the Development Right of Ethnic Autonomous Areas

作　　者：梁洪霞 Liang Hongxia

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学行政法学院

出　　处：《政治与法律》2019年第11期69-80,共12页Political Science and Law

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会2016年度人文社会科学研究基地项目“应急法治中的利益平衡问题研究”(项目编号:16SKJD12)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：民族自治地方享受上级国家机关的帮助和优惠,不属于民族自治地方的自治权范畴,而应依据民族自治地方享有发展权的思考进路加以阐释。民族自治地方享有发展权符合中国特色的区域发展权理论,并与我国民族区域自治制度确立的发展目标和现行法相契合。民族自治地方的发展权,要求上级国家机关承担最低限度义务、积极考虑义务、选择改善义务以及消极的不侵犯义务。发展权内包含的发展请求权和发展救济权,可以有力督促上级国家机关履行职责。我国法应细化上级国家机关的责任内容和标准,构建民族自治地方的发展请求权程序,充分运用各国家机构之间沟通协调的非对抗式的制度经验,采取司法路径与非司法路径相结合的方式构建发展权救济机制。The ethnic autonomous areas can obtain assistance and preference from the superior state organs,which are not within the scope of the right of autonomy of ethnic autonomous areas,but should be expounded according to thinking approach on the development right of the ethnic autonomous areas.The development right of the ethnic autonomous areas is in line with the theory of regional development right with Chinese characteristics and in conformity with the development goals established by the regional ethnic autonomy of China and current legislations.The development right of the ethnic autonomous areas requires that the superior state organs are responsible for minimum obligation,positive consideration obligation,selective improvement obligation,and negative obligation of non-infringement.The development right intrinsically includes the right of claim for development and the right of relief for development so as to powerfully urge the superior state organs to perform their duties.China should refine the content and standards of responsibilities of superior state organs to formulate detailed procedures concerning the right of claim for development of ethnic autonomous areas,fully utilize experiences of non-confrontation systems on communication and coordination among state organs to establish the relief mechanism for the development right by means of combining judicial approach and non-judicial approach.

关 键 词：民族事务法治化 民族自治地方发展权 上级国家机关职责 发展请求权 发展救济权 

分 类 号：DF2[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]