纤维素甘油醚硝酸酯基模压可燃药筒的制备与性能  

Preparation and Performances of Molded Combustible Cartridge Cases Modified by NGEC

作　　者：李忠山 田书春[1] 周逸 邵自强[2] 周晓红 袁小丽 郭炳毅 LI Zhong-shan;TIAN Shu-chun;ZHOU Yi;SHAO Zi-qiang;ZHOU Xiao-hong;YUAN Xiao-li;GUO Bing-yi(Xi′an North Huian Chemical Industries Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710302,China;Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and Its Derivatives,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]西安北方惠安化学工业有限公司,陕西西安710302 [2]北京理工大学北京市纤维素及其衍生材料工程技术研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2019年第5期521-525,530,I0006,共7页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：装备预先研究项目(No.30110105)

摘　　要：为改善可燃药筒的加工塑性并提升其力学强度,配方中应用含氮量12.3%的纤维素甘油醚硝酸酯(NGEC)部分替代含氮量13.0%的硝化棉(NC)或木质纤维素,制备了5种可燃药筒样品,并测试了其室温下的力学性能和燃烧性能。结果表明,用质量分数15%和30%的NGEC替代硝化棉,可使可燃药筒的抗拉强度分别提高33.8%和35.2%,延伸率分别降低32.2%和24.7%,火药力分别降低3.2%和10.7%,燃烧结束点时间分别减少59.8%和56.8%;用质量分数5%和8%的NGEC替代木质纤维素,可使可燃药筒的抗拉强度分别提高20.2%和16.9%,延伸率分别降低48.1%和47.2%,火药力分别提高11.5%和19.5%,燃烧结束点时间分别减少75.7%和79.8%;因此NGEC部分替代硝化棉或木质纤维素,均可使可燃药筒的抗拉强度不同程度地提升,但会导致延伸率下降,并使可燃药筒的燃烧平均活度明显升高、燃烧结束点时间明显变短、燃速加快。To improve the mechanical strength and plasticity of molded combustible cartridge cases,nitric acid ester of cellulose glycidyl ether(NGEC)(nitrogen content 12.3%)was used to replace part of nitrocellulose(NC)(nitrogen 13.0%)or lignocellulose in the formulation,and five combustible cartridge samples were prepared.And their mechanical and combustion performances at room temperature were tested.The results show that by replacing nitrocellulose with mass fraction of 15%and 30%NGEC,the tensile strength of combustible cartridge case increase by 33.8%and 35.2%,the fracture elongation decrease by 32.2%and 24.7%,the powder force drop by 3.2%and 10.7%,and the total burning time reduce by 59.8%and 56.8%,respectively.By replacing lignocellulose with 5%and 8%NGEC,the tensile strength of combustible cartridge case raise by 20.2%and 16.89%,the fracture elongation decrease by 48.1%and 47.2%,the powder force increase by 11.5%and 19.5%,and the total burning time decrease by 75.7%and 79.8%,respectively.Thus,NGEC can offer some degree of improvement to the tensile strength whereas it leads to a decrease of fracture elongation and burning-off time.Meanwhile,the mean combustion activity is raised obviously,and the burning rate is increased.

关 键 词：材料科学 可燃药筒 纤维素甘油醚硝酸酯(NGEC) 硝化棉(NC) 木质纤维素 含能黏结剂 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O34[理学—固体力学]