中日韩印天然气贸易多元化和竞争关系研究  

Research on diversification and competition relationship of natural gas trade among China,Japan,South Korea and India

作　　者：郝洪昌 邢万里[1,2,3] HAO Hongchang;XING Wanli(Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [2]中国地质科学院全球矿产资源战略研究中心,北京100037 [3]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037

出　　处：《中国矿业》2019年第11期1-8,共8页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：天然气作为一种清洁能源,全球需求量不断攀升。随着我国能源消费结构的改变,天然气的战略地位日渐突出,但由于国内天然气供不应求,2018年天然气对外依存度已达到45%。本文在分析全球天然气贸易现状的基础上,通过H指数分析了亚太地区四个主要天然气需求大国:中国、日本、韩国、印度2008~2017年天然气进口来源地多元化程度,并引用竞争指数探讨四国对同一天然气进口来源地的竞争程度。结果显示,得益于“一带一路”倡议,随着与亚太国家建立能源合作,中国天然气进口多元化呈上升趋势,但由于与日本、韩国、印度的天然气进口来源地重合度较高,竞争关系主要集中在亚太地区和中东地区。为保障中国天然气供应安全,中国应深化与周边天然气出口大国的能源合作,实现天然气进口来源多元化,并与日本、韩国、印度等亚太地区天然气需求大国在竞争中寻求合作,打造亚太地区天然气定价中心,共同维护稳定的天然气供应环境。As a clean energy,the global demand for natural gas is rising.With the change of China’s energy consumption structure,the strategic position of natural gas has become increasingly prominent.However,due to the shortage of domestic natural gas supply,natural gas dependence has reached 45%in 2018.Based on the analysis of the status quo of global natural gas trade,this paper analyzes the diversification of natural gas import sources of four major natural gas demand countries in the Asia-Pacific region through H-index from 2008 to 2017,and discusses the competition index.The degree of competition among the four countries for the same natural gas import source shows that thanks to“the Belt and Road”Initiative,with the establishment of energy cooperation with Asia-Pacific countries,China s natural gas import diversification is on the rise.But due to the high coincidence of natural gas import sources with Japan,South Korea and India,the competitive relationship is mainly concentrated in the Asia-Pacific region and the Middle East.In order to ensure the safety of China s natural gas supply,China should deepen its energy cooperation with neighboring natural gas exporting countries,diversify its natural gas import sources,and seek cooperation with major natural gas demand countries such as Japan,South Korea and India to create natural gas pricing center in the Asia-Pacific region,to jointly maintain a stable natural gas supply environment.

关 键 词：天然气贸易 多元化 竞争指数 定价中心 

分 类 号：F416.1[经济管理—产业经济]