体外产气法评价不同方式加工玉米对牦牛瘤胃发酵参数的影响  

Effects of yak rumen fermentation parameters by using vitro gas production method to evaluate different processing methods of corn

作　　者：刘颖 张群英[1,2] 郝力壮 冯宇哲[1,2] 牛建章[1,2] 刘书杰[1,2] Liu Ying;Zhang Qunying;Hao Lizhuang;Feng Yuzhe;Niu Jianzhang;Liu Shujie

机构地区：[1]青海大学,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海高原牦牛研究中心,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《饲料工业》2019年第21期45-50,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划[2016YFD0500504];国家自然科学基金[31660673];中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划[1_7];青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室奖励项目[14];国家重点基础研究发展计划(973前期项目)[2012CB722906];牦牛提质增效技术集成与产业化示范[2016-NK-A7]

摘　　要：研究旨在利用常规分析法和体外产气技术评定不同物理加工方式下玉米(蒸汽压片玉米、熟化玉米和普通玉米颗粒)的营养价值。研究结果显示:①与普通玉米(RC组)相比,蒸汽压片玉米(SFC组)和熟化玉米(CC组)的钙(Ca)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的含量没有显著差异(P>0.05)。两个处理组的粗灰分(Ash)、粗蛋白(CP)、磷(P)含量和粗脂肪(EE)均比对照组低,总能量(GE)比对照组高;②48 h的SFC组、CC组的发酵速度均高于RC组,但总产气量差异不显著(P>0.05)。24、48 h SFC组、CC组的NH3-N浓度、乙丙酸比例(A/P)、丁酸(BUTY)和异戊酸(ISOB)的摩尔比例均显著低于RC组(P<0.05),干物质消化率(DMD)显著高于RC组(P<0.05),pH值与RC组处理间差异不显著(P=0.255、P=0.406)。综上所述,蒸汽压片玉米和熟化玉米能提高动物对营养物质的消化和吸收。对pH值、48 h总产气量没有影响,会显著降低(P<0.05)瘤胃液的NH3-N浓度、乙丙酸比例,显著提高干物质降解率(DMD)和丙酸(PRO)摩尔比例(P<0.05)。This experiment uses conventional analysis and in vitro gas production technology to evalu ate the nutritional value of corn under different physical processing methods(steam-flaking corn,cooked corn and regular corn).The results showed that:①Compared with regular corn(RC group),there was no significant effect in calcium(Ca)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)between steam-flaking corn(SFC group)and cooked corn(CC group)(P>0.05).The contents of Ash,crude fiber(CP)and phosphorus(P)and the contents of ether extract(EE)in the two treatments were lower than those in the control group,cross energy(GE)is higher than those in the control group.②The 48 hours fermentation speed of SFC group and CC group was higher than that of RC group,but the cumulative gas production was not sig nificant(P>0.05).The molar ratio of 24 h,48 h SFC group,CC group NH3-N concentration,A/P,BUTY and ISOB was significantly lower than that of RC group(P<0.05).In summary,steam-flaking corn and cooked corn can improve the digestion and absorption of nutrients in animals.No ef fect on pH,48 h total gas production,the NH3-N concentration,A/P will be significantly reduced(P<0.05),DMD and PRO significantly increased(P<0.05).

关 键 词：蒸汽压片玉米 煮熟玉米 活体外瘤胃发酵 营养物质消化率 牦牛 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]