基于两阶段优化的初至波自动拾取算法  

First-Arrival Automatic Picking Algorithm Based on Two-Stage Optimization

作　　者：高磊[1] 梁宇 GAO Lei;LIANG Yu(School of Computer Science,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学计算机科学学院

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报》2019年第5期652-659,共8页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（41604114）资助项目;四川省科技厅应用基础研究基金（2019YJ0314）资助项目

摘　　要：拾取初至波是近地表建模方法中的重要步骤。初至波的精确拾取可以影响到很多方面的工作,例如静校正和速度建模等,但是初至波受到强烈的背景噪声和复杂的近地表结构的影响,拾取的精确性会减低。本文提出了基于两阶段优化的初至波自动拾取算法。本文把初至拾取问题分成了两个子问题,分别产生两个优化目标,根据优化目标,生成优化函数。算法采用两个步骤:(1)先用纵向滑动窗口把初至波可能存在的范围带找出来;(2)改进了能量比率算法,在第1步找到的范围带中拾取初至波。在两个数据集上,将FPTO算法与反向传播神经网络方法(Backpropagation neural networks method,BNN)、直接相关方法(Direct correlation method,DC)以及Coppens的改进方法(Modified Coppens’s method,MCM)3种算法进行了对比,精确度得到了很大提升,算法的稳定性得到证明。Picking the first arrivals is an important step in the near-surface modeling method. The precise picking of the first arrivals can affect many aspects of the work,such as static correction and velocity modeling,etc. However,the first arrivals are affected by strong background noise and complex near-surface structure,which lead to the reducing accuracy. This paper proposes the first-arrival automatic picking algorithm based on two-stage optimization(FPTO). First-arrival automatic picking algorithm based on two-stage optimization divides the picking question into two sub-questions. According to these two sub-questions,two optimization targets are generated respectively. Next,two optimization functions are generated by these two optimization targets. First-arrival automatic picking algorithm based on two-stage optimization takes two steps:the first step is to use the vertical sliding window to find out the possible range of the first arrivals;the second step improves the energy ratio algorithm and picks up the first arrivals in the range found in the first step. Compared with three algorithms(Backpropagation neural networks method,BNN;Direct correlation method,DC;Modified Coppens’ s method,MCM) on the two data sets,experimental results show that the accuracy and the stability of the FPTO algorithm are greatly improved.

关 键 词：初至波拾取 纵向滑动窗口 两阶段优化 能量比率 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]