排球运动起跳过程中踝关节的生物力学特性  

Biomechanical characteristics of ankle joint in volleyball players during stop-jump

作　　者：鲍春雨[1,2] 颜明明 Bao Chunyu;Yan Mingming(School of Social Sports and Health,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Sports Physiology and Sports Medicine,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院社会体育与健康学院,天津市301617 [2]天津体育学院天津市运动生理与运动医学重点实验室,天津市301617

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2020年第5期662-666,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11372223);天津市自然科学基金重点项目(17JCZDJC36000)，项目负责人：鲍春雨;天津市自然科学基金重点项目(18JCZDJC35900)~~

摘　　要：背景:目前对踝关节的生物力学特性研究多集中于方法学的探讨,对复合动作模式下踝关节生物力学特征的研究较少。目的:分析对排球运动员起跳落地时踝关节的运动学和动力学特性。方法:研究选取天津体育学院排球专项运动的学生男女各20名。主要采用Vicon三维运动捕捉系统和Kistler三维测力台,同步采集受试者在起跳落地时踝关节运动学与动力学参数,总共获得3次有效数据,利用统计学方法对数据进行对比分析。研究方案的实施符合天津体育学院的相关伦理要求,所有受试者均为自愿参加,并对试验过程完全知情同意。结果与结论:(1)发现在该动作模式中,踝关节跖屈角度男性明显小于女性,在起跳阶段踝关节处于内翻和内旋状态,在落地缓冲阶段踝关节处于内翻和外旋状态,且角度男性组略大于女性,此时极易造成踝关节损伤;(2)三维方向的峰力矩和力值男性组均大于女性;三维方向峰值力矩和力出现的时间男性组晚于女性,而且存在双腿力量不均衡以及双脚不同时着地情况。BACKGROUND:The biomechanical studies of ankle joint focus on methodology,and the biomechanical characteristics of the ankle joint under combined modes are little reported.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the kinematics and dynamics characteristics of the ankle joints in the movement of stop-jump of volleyball players.METHODS:Twenty male and 20 female volleyball players at Tianjin University of Sport were selected.The three-dimensional motion capture system(Vicon) and the three-dimensional force plate(Kistler) were mainly used to synchronously collect the kinematics and dynamics parameters of the ankle joint when the subjects were taking off and landing.Statistical methods were used to conduct comparative analysis of the data.The study was in accordance with the ethical requirements of Tianjin University of Sport,and the subjects signed the informed consents.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Under this mode,the plantar flexion angle of the ankle joint in males was less than that in females.During the take-off phase,the ankle joint was in an inversion and internal rotation state,during the landing buffer phase,the ankle joint was in an inversion and external rotation state,and the angle in males was slightly larger than in the females,which was likely to cause ankle injury.(2)The three-dimensional peak torque and force value when stop-jump in males were higher than those in females.The appearing time of peak torque and force value in different directions in males was later than that in females,and imbalances between two legs and landing at different time occurred.

关 键 词：踝关节 生物力学 急停起跳 排球 

分 类 号：R455[医药卫生—运动医学] R496[医药卫生—治疗学]