延胡索酸对急性热应激肉鸡采食量、饮水量及行为学的影响  

Effects of fumaric acid on feed intake, drinking water and behavior of acute heat stress broilers

作　　者：贾莉 丁金雪 李为民 宋凯 吴明明 贺绍君[1] JIA Li;DING Jinxue;LI Weimin;SONG Kai;WU Mingming;HE Shaojun(College of Animal Sciences,Anhui Science And Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院动物科学学院

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2019年第20期42-45,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31702306);国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201810879009);安徽省教育厅自然科学重大自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2018ZD052)

摘　　要：为了研究延胡索酸(FA)对急性热应激状态下肉鸡的采食、饮水量和行为学的影响,试验选取1日龄ROSS 308肉鸡180只,在适宜环境中饲养至21日龄,随机分为常温对照组(CONT组)、热应激对照组(HS-CONT组)、热应激+0.5%延胡索酸组(试验1组)、热应激+1.0%延胡索酸组(试验2组)、热应激+1.5%延胡索酸组(试验3组),每组4个重复,每个重复9只。热应激组饲养在(34±1)℃的高温环境中,CONT组饲养在(24±1)℃的适宜环境中。结果表明:与CONT组相比,HS-CONT组、试验1组、试验2组、试验3组饮水与喘息行为极显著增加(P<0.01);试验3组耸翅、坐行为极显著减少(P<0.01),且采食、走动行为显著增加(P<0.05);HS-CONT组采食、耸翅、站立、走动、伸展、啄、俯卧等行为变化不显著(P>0.05);试验1组、试验2组、试验3组站立变化不显著(P>0.05)。与HS-CONT组相比,试验3组耸翅与站立行为极显著增加(P<0.01),坐行为极显著减少(P<0.01),走动行为显著增加(P<0.05);试验1组、试验2组、试验3组采食、饮水、喘息、伸展等行为差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明在日粮中添加延胡索酸可以增加肉鸡的采食次数,影响肉鸡行为,从而缓解热应激对肉鸡产生的影响。In order to investigate the effects of fumaric acid on feed intake, drinking water and behavior of acute heat stress broilers, one hundred and eighty healthy ROSS 308 broilers(21-days-old) were randomly divided into four groups: control group, heat stress control group(HS-control), heat stress + 0.5% fumaric acid(group Ⅰ), heat stress + 1.0% fumaric acid(group Ⅱ), and heat stress + 1.5% fumaric acid(group Ⅲ). Each group contained four replicates and each replicate had 9 chickens. The chickens in the HS-control were kept in a high temperature environment(34±1)℃. The chickens of control group were kept in a suitable environment(24±1) ℃. The results showed that compared with control group, a extrem increase(P<0.01) in drinking water and breathing behavior in the HS-control, group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ was observed, flapping, sitting in group Ⅲ were significantly reduced(P<0.01), feeding and walking were significantly increased(P<0.05), the behavioral changes(eating, flapping, standing, walking, stretching, pecking, and pronation) in HS-CONT group were not significant(P>0.05), there was no significant change(P>0.05) in standing behavior in group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ. Compared with HS-control, flapping, standing behavior in group Ⅲ were extremly increased(P<0.01), sitting behavior is extremly reduced(P<0.01), there was a significant increase in walking behavior(P<0.05);the behavioral changes(eating, drinking water, breathing, and stretching) in group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were not significant(P>0.05). These results indicated that the addition of fumaric acid to the diet can increase the frequency of broiler feeding and affect the behavior of broiler, thereby alleviating the impact of heat stress on chicken and reducing economic losses.

关 键 词：延胡索酸 肉鸡 急性热应激 采食量 饮水量 行为 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学] S816.7[农业科学—畜牧兽医]