中国痤疮患者认知现状及影响因素分析  

Cognitive status of Chinese acne patients and its influencing factors

作　　者：杨舒云 涂颖[1] 杨建婷 金嵘 郭燕妮 林新瑜[4] 邱莹[5] 刘红霞[6] 解瑶[7] 栗玉珍[8] 项蕾红 于波[10] 曾宪玉[11] 许昌春 卢凤艳 李兴 杜华 林向飞 邱岳东[17] 朱飞飞[18] 方玉甫[19] 吕明芬[20] 张蕊娜[21] 胡信林 焦林君[23] 冯红霞[24] 毕晓东[25] 张敏 林碧雯[27] 刘巧 路永红[29] 何黎[1] Yang Shuyun;Tu Ying;Yang Jianting;Jin Rong;Guo Yanni;Lin Xinyu;Qiu Ying;Liu Hongxia;Xie Yao;Li Yuzhen;Xiang Leihong;Yu Bo;Zeng Xianyu;Xu Changchun;Lu Fengyan;Li Xing;Du Hua;Lin Xiangfei;Qiu Yuedong;Zhu Feifei;Fang Yufu;Lyu Mingfen;Zhang Ruina;Hu Xinlin;Jiao Linjun;Feng Hongxia;Bi Xiaodong;Zhang Min;Lin Biwen;Liu Qiao;Lu Yonghong;He Li(Department of Dermatology,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650032,China;Department of Dermatology,Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310009,China;Department of Dermatology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Quanzhou 362000,China;Institute of Dermatology and Venereology,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital,Chengdu 610072,China;Department of Dermatology,Jining No.1 People's Hospital,Jining 272000,China;Department of Dematology,Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,China;Department of Dermatovenerology,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Department of Dermatology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Haerbin 150081,China;Department of Dermatology,Huashan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200040,China;Department of Dermatology,Peking University Shenzhen Hospital,Shenzhen 518035,China;Department of Dermatology,Wuhan NO.1 Hospital,Wuhan 430022,China;Department of Intergrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Institute of Dermatology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Nanjing 210042,China;Department of Dermatology,the First People's Hospital of Qujing,Qujing 655000,China;Department of Dermatology,People's Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Nationality Autonomous Prefecture,Chuxiong 675000,China;15940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army,Lanzhou 730050,China;Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital,Yangzhou 225009,China;Lishui Hospital of TCM,Lishui 323000,China;Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Ji'nan 250011,China;He

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院云南省皮肤病医院,650032 [2]杭州市第三人民医院皮肤科,310009 [3]福建医科大学第二附属医院皮肤科,泉州362000 [4]四川省人民医院皮肤病性病研究所,成都610072 [5]济宁市第一人民医院皮肤科,272000 [6]新疆医科大学附属中医医院皮肤科,乌鲁木齐830000 [7]四川大学华西医院皮肤病与性病科,成都610065 [8]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院皮肤科,150081 [9]复旦大学附属华山医院皮肤科,上海200040 [10]北京大学深圳医院皮肤性病科,518035 [11]武汉市第一医院皮肤科,430022 [12]中国医学科学院皮肤病医院中西医结合科,南京210042 [13]曲靖市第一人民医院皮肤科,655000 [14]楚雄州人民医院,675000 [15]解放军联勤保障部队第940医院皮肤科,兰州730050 [16]扬州大学临床医学院皮肤科,225009 [17]浙江省丽水市中医院皮肤科,323000 [18]山东中医药大学附属医院美容皮肤科,济南250011 [19]河南省中医院皮肤科,郑州450002 [20]温州医科大学附属第一医院皮肤科,325035 [21]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院皮肤科,100050 [22]厦门大学附属中山医院皮肤科,361004 [23]内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第一附属医院皮肤科,014000 [24]内蒙古包钢医院皮肤科,包头014000 [25]南阳市第一人民医院皮肤科,473000 [26]柳州市中医医院皮肤科,545000 [27]解放军总医院皮肤科,北京100853 [28]江西中医药大学第二附属医院皮肤科,南昌330012 [29]成都市第二人民医院皮肤科,610017

出　　处：《中华医学美学美容杂志》2019年第5期403-410,共8页Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology

摘　　要：目的明确中国痤疮患者对疾病的认知现状和影响因素以及患者的认知对其就医和护肤品选择的影响,为痤疮防治提供依据。方法2018年5月至7月,通过自制问卷调查对中国112家医院皮肤科就诊的16156例痤疮患者进行调查,内容包括患者一般情况,其对痤疮发生、发展和危险因素的认知情况,患病后是否首选就医和皮肤护理情况。分析影响患者认知的因素,认知对患者就医行为和皮肤护理的影响以及医师和患者对痤疮病情严重程度评估的一致性。结果受调查痤疮患者对"痤疮是一种皮肤病""并非只发生在青春期""该病可以防治"认知最好,分别占总调查人数80.65%、69.16%、65.49%。但对遗传、高糖及乳制品是痤疮发生的危险因素认知不足,其知晓率分别为48.72%、42.40%、18.25%。性别、年龄、教育程度、职业、病情、受健康教育情况是影响患者对以上3个痤疮发生危险因素主要认知,其中男性、教育程度在初中及以下、职业为务工/务农、健康教育缺乏者对遗传、饮食是痤疮危险因素认知差;年龄>36岁、病情为轻度者对饮食危险因素认知差,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。认知情况对就医行为及皮肤护理的影响分析显示:认知越好的患者首选就医概率及选择功能性护肤品概率越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。医患对痤疮病情严重程度评估一致性差(Kappa值<0.4),患者对重度痤疮的评估重于医师评估。结论患者认知水平可影响其就医行为及皮肤护理,同时还存在患者对自身病情评估较重的情况。临床需加强对痤疮患者疾病影响因素方面的健康教育,以提高患者对痤疮的认知程度,有效防治痤疮。Objective To indentify the cognitive status of Chinese patients to acne and the influencing factors to theirs'cognitive status,so as to provide solid evidences for the prevention and treatment of acne.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was made to conduct this survey of 16,156 acne patients,who seeked to the treatment in the dermatological departments from 112 hospitals in China.The survey consisted of several parts,including the general status of patients,the patients'cognition of occurrence,development and risk factors of acne,whether the first choice was seeking treatment at the hospital when the patients had acne and the condition of selection of skin care products.The factors were analyzed,which could impact the cognition of the patients'behavior of treatment,how did the patients'cognition to influence their medical behavior and skin care as well as the consistency of assessment of the severity of acne by doctors and patients themselves.Results The acne patients studied had the best knowledge of"acne is a skin disease","it not only occurs in the period of adolescence"and"the disease can be prevented and cured",which accordingly accounted for 80.65%,69.16%and 65.49%of the total patients respectively.However,the awareness of acne patients to heredity,high sugar and dairy products as risk factors for acne was insufficient,which accounted for 48.72%,42.40%and 18.25%of the total patients,respectively.Gender,age,educational level,occupation and health knowledge were the main factors affecting the cognitive level of patients;the survey also found that men,patient with educational level of junior high or even lower educational condition,occupation of labor workers or farmers and patients were lack of health education with poor knowledge of the genetics and dietary were risk factors for acne;patients with age over 36 years or with mild illness had poor knowledge of dietary risk factors for acne;the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The analysis of the influence of cognitive status on medical treatme

关 键 词：寻常痤疮 问卷调查 认知 流行病学 影响因素 

分 类 号：R75[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]