北部湾海雾过程的天气系统分型研究  

Study on weather types of sea fog process in Beibu Gulf

作　　者：郑凤琴 李生艳[2] 苏志 叶庚姣 ZHENG Feng-qin;LI Sheng-yan;SUZhi;YE Geng-jiao(Guangxi Meteorological Service Center,Nanning 530022 China;Guangxi Meteorological Observatory,Nanning 530022 China)

机构地区：[1]广西气象服务中心,广西南宁530022 [2]广西气象台,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《海洋预报》2019年第4期44-51,共8页Marine Forecasts

基　　金：广西自然科学基金（2016GXNSFAA380330）

摘　　要：采用2011 2016年NCEP/NCAR再分析格点资料和北部湾沿海6个气象站的常规气象观测资料,利用天气学方法对北部湾沿海出现大雾时的大尺度天气背景、地面形势进行了分类总结,探寻北部湾发生海雾时各类型天气系统的共同特点。结果表明:北部湾海雾的天气环流类型可分为西南倒槽型、入海高压后部型、均压场型、静止锋型、冷锋前部型和高压底部型,其中西南倒槽型、入海高压后部型、均压场型、静止锋型是4种主要的环流型,造成的北部湾海雾日数相对较多,而冷锋前部型和高压底部型造成的海雾日数较少;西南倒槽型、静止锋型的海雾过程持续时间较长、能见度较低,高压底部型的海雾消散较快;地面风速小、500 hPa高空存在偏西或西南急流、大气层结稳定是海雾出现时各类天气型的共同特点。Based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)reanalysis grid data from 2011 to 2016 and observations of 6 meteorological stations in Beibu Gulf,we analyze the large scale synoptic background and ground situation using the method of synoptic meteorology and study the common characteristics of different weather systems during sea fog events in the Beibu Gulf,.The results show that the weather systems that cause sea fog in Beibu Gulf can be categorized into 6 types:southwest inverted trough,high pressure rear entering the sea,equal pressure,stationary front,front of cold front and bottom of high pressure.The first four of the aforementioned types are the main weather systems that cause relatively more sea fog days in the Beibu Gulf,while the last two types cause less sea fog days.The duration of sea fog process caused by southwest inverted trough and stationary front types last longer with a relatively lower visibility,whereas and the sea fog dissipates quickly under bottom of high pressure type.The slow ground wind speed,west or southwest jet at 500hPa and stable atmospheric stratification are the common features of different weather systemss that cause sea fog process.

关 键 词：海雾 天气系统 北部湾 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]