抑制黄瓜枯萎病的链霉菌S-101及其生防作用研究  

Biocontrol Effect of Streptomyces sp. S-101 against Cucumber Wilt

作　　者：圆圆 张虹[1] 苏道拉呼 峥嵘[1] 石玲玲 吴慧玲[2] YUAN Yuan;ZHANG Hong;SU Daolahu;ZHENG Rong;SHI Lingling;WU Huiling(College of Life Sciences and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Institute of Plant and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2019年第5期813-820,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201300);北京市自然科学基金(6192008);北京市农林科学院创新专项(KJCX20170410)

摘　　要：为了获得抑制黄瓜枯萎病的高效生防菌,对青海湖附近植被根系土壤中的微生物进行分离筛选。测定拮抗菌的抑菌活性及其对黄瓜枯萎病的防控效果。本文通过平板对峙法分离筛选出一株生防链霉菌S-101,该菌株对供试的几种病原真菌都有较好的拮抗作用,其中对尖镰孢菌黄瓜专化型的抑制率为53.3%,对草莓炭疽菌的抑菌率为45.5%;并通过形态特征及16Sr DNA序列分析对菌株S-101初步鉴定为Streptomycesluridus;盆栽试验结果表明,菌株S-101发酵液对黄瓜枯萎病的防治效果达57.11%;通过构建绿色荧光蛋白标记的基因工程菌S-101-GFP,检测了该菌株在黄瓜根部及根围土壤中的定殖能力,随着定殖天数的增加,数量由处理时的1×10^(8) cfu/g逐渐减少到1×10^(6) cfu/g,0~14 d下降较快,21~28 d下降较慢,28~35d趋于稳定,孢子数维持在1×10^(6)cfu/g。因此,菌株S-101是防治黄瓜枯萎病的潜在生防菌株,具有开发成为微生物农药的应用价值。In order to obtain efficient biocontrol bacteria against cucumber wilt,the microorganisms in the vegetation root soil near Qinghai Lake were isolated and screened.The activity of antagonistic bacteria and its control effect on cucumber wilt disease were determined.Streptomyces sp.strain S-101 was isolated and screened by plate confrontation method and its antagonism against different plant pathogens was investigated.The results showed that the strain had good effect on several pathogenic fungi,among which the inhibition rates on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumebrium and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were 53.3%and 45.5%,respectively.Based on morphological observation and 16S rDNA sequence analysis,the strain S-101 was preliminarily identified as Streptomyces luridus.Pot experiment showed that the fermentation broth displayed significant control effect on cucumber wilt with the efficacy of 57.11%.The strain S-101-GFP was able to colonize at the roots of cucumber.With the increase of colonization days,the number of labeled bacteria decreased from 1×10^(8) cfu/g to 1×10^(6) cfu/g.The number of colonies dropped rapidly in 0—14 days,fell slowly in 21—28 days and maintained a stable amount in 28—35 days at 1×10^(6) cfu/g.Therefore,strain S-101 is a potential biocontrol strain against cucumber wilt,and has the application value of being developed into microbial fungicide.

关 键 词：生防菌 黄瓜枯萎病 分离鉴定 生防效应 定殖 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]