基于根茎叶概化模型的孤立波消减特性实验  

Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Vegetation on Solitary Wave Attenuation Based on a Generalized Model of Root, Stem and Canopy

作　　者：曾思益 陈杰[1,2,3] 蒋昌波 何飞 隆院男[2,3,4] 邓斌 伍志元 ZENG Si-yi;CHEN Jie;JIANG Chang-bo;HE Fei;LONG Yuan-nan;DENG Bin;WU Zhi-yuan(School of Hydraulic Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China;Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [3]水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [4]湖南省环境保护河湖污染控制工程技术中心,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2019年第4期588-600,共13页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目——基于数据挖掘的南海岛礁演变机制及多尺度模拟预测技术研究(51839002);湖南省自然科学基金项目——湿地芦苇影响下的湖泊风浪水动力特性研究(2018JJ3546)

摘　　要：采用孤立波模拟海啸波,利用根茎叶定量概化模型近似模拟近岸刚性植物,以探究植物根、茎、叶对孤立波消减特性的影响。研究发现,透射系数的范围为0.56~0.85,植被区沿程波高衰减百分比的范围为25.9%~97.0%。根、叶在不同分布密度条件下的透射系数均随相对波高的增大而逐渐减小。当淹没度大于0.7时,在入射波高等于7.0,9.0和12.0 cm条件下,波高衰减强度沿流向的敏感度逐渐降低,植物消浪呈现边界效应。当淹没度为0.6、根和叶分布密度均为16枝/株时,波浪于植被区发生波高增大现象,波高增值的范围为3.0%~6.0%。植物根、茎、叶对孤立波消减特性的影响与根和叶的分布密度、淹没度及相对波高均相关。Coastal vegetation has become research focus due to its protection of shoreline by attenuating wave energy.With tsunami waves being modeled as solitary waves,the attenuation of solitary wave by roots,stems and canopies was studied using a quantitative generalized vegetation model.The result shows that transmission coefficient of waves ranges from 0.56 to 0.85 and percentage of energy loss varies from 25.9%to 97.0%.Higher relative wave height results in lower transmission coefficients,despite the arrangement density of roots and canopies.As submergence ratio is above 0.7 and wave height is 5.0,7.0 and 12.0 cm,the decay of wave height weakens along the direction of current,and the boundary effect becomes obvious.When submergence ratio equals to 0.6 and the arrangement density of roots and canopies equals to 16,wave height increment appears in the vegetation field,and its value ranges from 3.0%to 6.0%.Solitary wave attenuation is related to the arrangement density of roots and canopies,submergence ratio,and relative wave height.

关 键 词：定量概化植物模型 波高衰减 根 叶 分布密度 淹没度 

分 类 号：P731.22[天文地球—海洋科学] TV139.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]