一种基于多相位差的RFID标签三维定位方法  

3D Tag Location Aware Scheme Based on Phase Interferometric for RFID Applications

作　　者：邱兰馨 黄樟钦[1,2] 李达 QIU Lan-Xin;HUANG Zhang-Qin;LI Da(Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124;Beijing Engineering Research Center for IoT Software and Systems,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124;State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company Information&Telecommunication Branch,Hangzhou 310000)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京未来网络科技高精尖创新中心,北京100124 [2]北京工业大学北京市物联网软件与系统工程技术研究中心,北京100124 [3]国网浙江省电力有限公司信息通信分公司,杭州310000

出　　处：《计算机学报》2019年第11期2512-2525,共14页Chinese Journal of Computers

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(4122010)资助~~

摘　　要：在射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)系统中,如何在保证准确度的基础上实现对标签空间位置的实时感知是一个重要问题.本文首次提出一种基于多相位差的标签三维定位算法3DinSAR,适用于独立可移动的射频识别系统进行实时、高精度的三维定位,且不需提前部署任何辅助设施.此方法依托干涉综合孔径雷达(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,InSAR)的测高原理,在通过全息图谱方法获取二维伪坐标的基础上,利用不同高度上的多组相位差估算目标标签的高度信息,最后融合基于密度的聚类算法(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise,DBSCAN)实现相位解缠并给出三维坐标的估计结果.同时本文还提出了一种快速计算方法,通过估计标签到达方向(Aperture Beam Predicting,ABP)来提升全息图谱的实效性,从而降低3DinSAR算法整体的时间开销.仿真结果表明相较于原始的全息图谱方法,ABP方法能够有效减少99.4%的执行时间.在实际环境下的实验结果表明3DinSAR的平均三维空间误差为24 cm,最小误差为6 cm,算法整体的运行时间小于95 ms.Many indoor applications require spatial information about objects.Example applications include item finding,object level mapping and large-scale objects managing in warehouses or libraries.RFID technology enables the identification and location of objects in our daily life by integration of RFID tags.The RF signals that the tags backscatter include a lot of information about the environment of the objects which can be used to derive the objects’spatial information.In 2016,the demand for applications in the apparel industry alone exceeded 4.6 billion RFID labels.Due to the emergence of three-dimensional(3D)printing,Microsoft and Disney Research have attempted to incorporate RFID-like embedded encoding information directly into objects during the manufacturing process,which may allow objects to be uniquely identified and sensed in the future.To this end,how to additionally aware the precision spatial position of the tagged target is an important and pressing research topic.Traditional localization methods based on RF signals with backscatter tags can be classified into the following two types:(1)trilateration approaches that usually require multiple RFID readers placed in the environment,where the target position is determined by solving nonlinear equations based on the target-reader geometric relationship;and(2)scene analysis approaches that rely on the implementation of numerous tags with known positions as anchor nodes.However,both of these approaches have high implementation costs and it is difficult to apply them extensively in practice.In this paper,we propose a 3D localization scheme based on phase interferometric,named 3DinSAR.Our localization method does not need any reference tags and only one movable reader integrated with one antenna is required in order to construct the synthetic arrays to implement the locating system.The main idea is based on the 2D naive SAR localization.Rather than traversing all the spatial pixels which is time consuming and hence not efficient,we extend the naive hologram loca

关 键 词：无线射频识别 干涉综合孔径雷达 三维 定位 相位 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]