祁连山区空中水汽分布特征及变化趋势分析  

Analysis of the Distribution Characteristics and Trend of Air Vapor in Qilian Mountains

作　　者：朱飙 张强[1,2,3] 卢国阳[3] 李丹华[3] 李春华 ZHU Biao;ZHANG Qiang;LU Guoyang;LI Danhua;LI Chunhua(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Institute of Arid Meteorology,CMA,Lanzhou,Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA,Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;Gansu Province Meterology Bureau,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Lanzhou Resources&Environment Voc-Tech College,Lanzhou 730021,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所/中国气象局干旱气候与减灾重点实验室/甘肃省干旱气候与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [3]甘肃省气象局,甘肃兰州730030 [4]兰州资源环境职业技术学院,甘肃兰州730021

出　　处：《高原气象》2019年第5期935-943,共9页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41630426)

摘　　要：利用欧洲中心再分析资料,结合探空资料与内陆河径流量资料,分析了祁连山区空中水汽含量和水汽年内变化及多年演变特征。结果表明:祁连山单位面积垂直累积水汽含量随季节变化差异大,夏季最高,秋季次之,冬季最低,与以往认识不同的是在适宜天气条件下,祁连山春季空中水汽也具有开发前景。此外,祁连山东段水汽含量一年四季都高于西段,在祁连山西段山区中稳定存在一水汽低值中心,这是以往资料空间分辨率不高时未曾认识到的,该低值中心年内水汽差异很大,夏季是冬季的6倍之多;水汽密度分布与之类似。祁连山区逐月单位面积垂直累积水汽含量呈单峰型变化,69月是水汽分布最多的时段,进入冬季起水汽含量快速减少。近37年来,祁连山区空中水汽年保有量呈现增加趋势,这也与同时段疏勒河与黑河径流量的逐步上升趋势是一致的,但不同季节表现态势不同,夏、秋季整体呈增加趋势,冬、春季呈减少趋势。Based on the European center reanalysis data,the sounding data and the data of continental river runoff,the distributions of water-vapor in air and the varying characteristics of annual and inter-annual water-vapor in the Qilian Mountains are analyzed.The results showed that the vertical accumulation of water-vapor content per unit area varies greatly with seasons,being the maximum in summer,fewer in autumn,and the minimum in winter.What different from the past is that under the appropriate weather conditions,the spring water-vapor in air will have better development prospect.Moreover,water-vapor in the east region of Qilian Mountains is much more than that in the west region all the year.There is a low value center of water-vapor in north Qilian Mountains,which was unrecognized because of the low spatial resolution of the old data.The water-vapor of the low value center has a wide difference while the value of summer is six times more than that of winter,the distribution of vapor density is similar.Vertical accumulated water vapor content per unit area shows single-peak pattern,the maximum value appears from June to September,and minus in winter.In recent 37 years,water-vapor in air showed a tendency of increase,which was consistent with the rise tendency of Shulehe river and Heihe river.But the water-vapor content varies with the seasons:summer and autumn water-vapor increased while winter and spring water-vapor decreased.

关 键 词：祁连山 再分析资料 空中水汽 探空资料 

分 类 号：P426.15[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]