以发展促和平:中国参与中东安全事务的理念创新与路径选择  

Peace Through Development: Ideas and Paths for China’s Participation in Middle East Security

作　　者：孙德刚[1] 张丹丹 SUN Degang;ZHANG Dandan

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学中东研究所,上海200083 [2]上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院、中东研究所,上海200083

出　　处：《国际展望》2019年第6期109-129,154,155,共23页Global Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“‘中阿合作论坛’框架下中国对阿拉伯国家整体外交研究”(19AGJ010)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：中东是全球安全问题最集中的地区之一,中东地区的冲突解决主要有三种路径——“以实力促和平”“以民主促和平”和“以发展促和平”。“以发展促和平”强调“发展赤字”是引发冲突的主要根源,经济社会发展有助于维护国家稳定、化解社会矛盾和推动地区冲突解决,从而在国家和地区层面上将发展带来的经济红利转化为安全红利。该理念倡导发展与和平的联动性、“输血”与“造血”的两重性、短期目标与中长期目标的渐进性。中国在中东“以发展促和平”的实践分为国家和地区两个维度。在国家层面,中国主张尊重中东国家的发展权,以重大基础设施建设和民生项目为抓手,通过发展援助等增强对象国治理能力;在地区层面,中国以“一带一路”建设为平台,促进区域设施联通,建立利益共同体,逐步实现地区和平。“以发展促和平”理念基于改革开放40年治国理政经验的总结,是中国参与中东安全事务的重要方略。The Middle East is the hotbed of regional conflicts and security challenges,and outside powers have diverse outlooks on Middle Eastern conflict resolutions.The first category is“peace through strength”hypothesis;the second one is“peace through democracy,”and the third one is“peace through development”hypothesis which emphasizes that“under-development”is one of the root causes of conflict.Thus economic development is conducive to restoring stability,harmonizing social contradiction,fostering conflict resolution,and transforming developmental dividend into security dividends.The argument stresses interconnectivity of development and peace agendas,the dual functions of external assistance and self-reliance,and the integration of the short-term and long-term goals.China’s“peace through development”practice consists of achieving peace by development both within a state and among the regional countries.In the former case,China underscores the Middle Eastern countries’rights of development.China offers development aid and human resource training to the target countries in order to improve their capacity with key infrastructure and livelihood projects as the centerpiece.In the latter case,China promotes interconnectivity between the Middle Eastern countries,builds these countries into an interest community for regional peace by means of“Belt and Road Initiative.”The“peace through development”argument is the summary of China’s four-decade-long Reform and Opening-up experience,which is a great ideational contribution to Middle Easter security affairs.Meanwhile,security and development cannot be separated;economic governance proposed by“peace through development”hypothesis is compatible with other security governance initiatives.The perpetual peace of the Middle East hinges on comprehensive policies and governance.

关 键 词：以发展促和平 安全观 中国中东外交 安全事务 全球治理 

分 类 号：D822.337[政治法律—政治学]