10kV配电变压器雷电防护的研究  

Study on Lightning Protection of 10kV Distribution Transformer

作　　者：汪佛池[1,2] 杨磊[1] 周若琪 张鹏[1] 沈海滨[2] 律方成[1] WANG Fochi;Yang Lei;ZHOU Ruoqi;ZHANG Peng;SHEN Haibin;LV Fangcheng(Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Security Defense,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China;China Electric Power Research Institute.Haidian District,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学河北省输变电设备安全防御重点实验室,河北保定071003 [2]中国电力科学研究院,北京100192

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2019年第5期118-123,132,共7页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：中央高校基本科研项目(编号:2018MS086)

摘　　要：配电变压器绝缘水平较低,易遭受雷电侵害,其安全性对配电系统稳定可靠运行具有十分重要的意义。基于散射参数测量法,测量并进行数据处理获得配变的阻抗幅频特性,根据谐振理论构建了宽频数学模型并引入数学算法对模型参数进行优化。通过调研某地区10 kV配电线路实际运行中配电变压器的雷击损坏情况,发现了配电变压器中性点绝缘较为薄弱,现有雷电防护措施不能对其进行有效的保护这一问题。利用已建模型,通过在ATP-EMTP中对这一问题进行理论分析与仿真计算,提出了在配电变压器高压侧中性点加装避雷器,降低配电变压器接地电阻以及加装电抗器及电缆3种改进的雷电防护措施,并在ATP-EMTP中对改进措施进行仿真验证,证明了所提方法的有效性。The distribution transformer has lower insulation level and is vulnerable to lightning damage.The security of the distribution transformer is very important to the stable and reliable operation of the distribution system.In this paper,based on the scattering parameter measurement method,the impedance amplitude-frequency characteristics of distribution transformers are measured and processed by data processing.A broadband mathematical model is constructed based on the resonance theory and a mathematical algorithm is introduced to optimize the model parameters.Through the investigation of the lightning damage of distribution transformers in the actual operation of 10 kV distribution lines in certain area,it is pointed out that the insulation of the neutral point of the distribution transformer is weak,and the existing lightning protection measures can not effectively protect it.Through theoretical analysis and simulation by ATP-EMTP calculation,three improved lightning protection measures are put forward:installing lightning arrester at neutral point of high voltage side of distribution transformer,reducing grounding resistance of distribution transformer and installing reactor and cable.The improved measures are verified by simulation in ATP-EMTP,and the results show that the lightning protection measures are effective.

关 键 词：配电变压器 宽频数学模型 雷过电压 ATP-EMTP 雷电防护 

分 类 号：TM4[电气工程—电器]