无降雨影响的绝缘子自然积污研究  

Study on Natural Contamination of Insulators Without Effect of Rainfall

作　　者：高思明 周志成 王黎明[1] 高嵩 梅红伟[1] 赵晨龙[1] GAO Siming;ZHOU Zhicheng;WANG Liming;GAO Song;MEI Hongwei;ZHAO Chenlong(Graduate School at Shenzhen,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518055,China;Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Company,Nanjing 211102,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学深圳研究生院,深圳518055 [2]江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院,南京211102

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2019年第5期245-251,共7页Insulators and Surge Arresters

摘　　要：绝缘子自然积污可分为两个过程,自然污秽粘附过程及降雨清洗过程。为研究自然积污特性,通过挡雨装置设置无降雨影响的自然积污试验环境,在无降雨影响下进行了不带电的自然积污试验,测量等值盐密及等值灰密表征绝缘子污秽程度并用于分析绝缘子积污特性。试验结果表明:无降雨影响时,绝缘子污秽程度和积污时间有密切联系,在污秽程度较低时,绝缘子积污程度随时间呈现线性增长趋势;随着污秽程度的增加,将会出现饱和现象或积污加快现象。同时,不同类型的绝缘子积污速度有所区别。在材质方面,复合材质的绝缘子积污速度快于瓷材质和玻璃材质的绝缘子,瓷材质绝缘子和玻璃材质绝缘子的积污速度基本相同;在绝缘子结构方面,大伞的积污速度要慢于小伞的积污速度,绝缘子上表面的坡度越大,其积污越慢。试验结果能用于区分不同绝缘子的积污特性,并为无雨期的绝缘子积污水平的变化提供参考。Natural contamination of insulators can be divided into two processes:the natural contamination process and rainfall cleaning process.In order to study the natural contamination of insulators,this paper tries to set up the uncharged natural contamination testing environment without rainfall under the rain protection device.The equivalent salt deposit density(ESDD)and the non-soluble deposit density(NSDD)were measured for determining the contamination degree of insulators and studying natural contamination characteristics.The experimental results show that when natural contamination degree is low,the natural contamination degrees increase with the natural contamination time;with the natural contamination degree increasing,there will be saturation or the ultra-contamination.At the same time,the pollutants adhesion rate of different types of insulators are different.In the material,the silicone rubber material is faster than that of the porcelain and glass material,the natural contamination rate of porcelain material and glass material are the same.In the insulator structure,small umbrella is faster than that of the big umbrella;with the top surface slope increasing,the pollutants adhesion rate of the top surface will decline.The conclusions can be used to differentiate natural contamination characteristics of various insulators,and provide a reference for the natural contamination variation of insulators when it does not rain.

关 键 词：绝缘子 自然积污 等值盐密 等值灰密 无降雨影响 

分 类 号：TM2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]