从科学哲学的“证实”/“证伪”认识中医药科学实验的对照设计  

Understanding the Control-designing During the Scientific Experiments of Chinese Medicine Based on "Verification" and "Falsification" of the Philosophy of Science

作　　者：杜力军[1,2,3] 雷帆 谢伟东[4] 邢东明 闫智勇[5] 李俊[2] 袁梽漪 高红伟[3] Du Lijun;Lei Fan;Xie Weidong;Xing Dongming;Yan Zhiyong;Li Jun;Yuan Zhiyi;Gao Hongwei(School of Life Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy-saving Pharmaceutical Equipment,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330006,China;College of Pharmacy,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530000,China;Division of Life Science&Health,Graduate School at Shenzhen,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518055,China;School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;School of Pharmacy,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学生命科学学院,北京100084 [2]江西中医药大学创新药物与高效节能降耗制药设备国家重点实验室,南昌330006 [3]广西中医药大学药学院,南宁530000 [4]清华大学深圳研究生院生命与健康学部,深圳518055 [5]西南交通大学生命科学与工程学院,成都611756 [6]重庆医科大学药学院,重庆400016

出　　处：《世界科学技术-中医药现代化》2019年第6期1141-1146,共6页Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技部重大新药创制”科技重大专项“十二五”计划课题(2012ZX09102-201-008):国家一类中药新药巴西苏木红素注射剂的研究,负责人:杜力军;国家自然科学基金委员会面上项目(81374006):基于小檗碱作为DNA插入子探讨其对正常与缺血再灌神经元基因转录作用差异的机制,负责人:邢东明

摘　　要：科学哲学发展过程中的“证实”和“证伪”方法论,从一个问题的两个方面认证理论假说的科学性。我们可以从中得到启示:在中医药科学实验中不仅仅需要证实,还需要证伪。而后者对于一个实验假说的确证更重要。本文对此进行了讨论。结果表明一个实验设计的受试部分属于“证实”的相关内容,其余则属于“证伪”的范畴,即所谓的“对照”(Control)。证伪设计的充分与否直接关系到证实部分结果的确证性,也就是关系到实验假说的正确性。证伪对照设计的多少取决于该实验假设全称逻辑表述中内涵的多少。证伪属性的对照越充分,实验假设理论的检验也越确证。充分认识这些对于中医药科学实验设计水平的提高有积极的意义。The"verification"and"falsification"in the history of philosophy of science,from the two aspects of a problem,proved the scientificity of a theoretical hypothesis.Based on the verification/falsification theory,we can get an inspiration that the hypothesis not only needs to be verified,but also needs to be falsified in the scientific experiments of Chinese medicine.And the latter is more important for the confirmation of an experimental hypothesis.This paper dicussed that.The results showed that the tested part of one experimental design belongs to the relevant content of“verification”,and the rest belongs to the category of"falsification",so-called"control".The adequacy of the falsification design is directly related to confirm the corroboration of some results,that is,the correctness of the experimental hypothesis.The number of falsification control designs depends on the connotation of the full logical representation of the experimental hypothesis.The more complete the comparison of the falsification attribute is,the more certain the verification of the experimental hypothesis theory is.To comprehensively understand the idea is especially positive to improve the designing level of the scientific experiments of Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：中医药 科学实验 对照 证伪 科学哲学 

分 类 号：R2-031[医药卫生—中西医结合]