密闭球形空间内超细铝粉爆炸特性研究  

Study on explosion characteristics of ultrafine aluminum powder in a closed spherical space

作　　者：屈姣 邓军 王秋红[1,2] QU Jiao;DENG Jun;WANG Qiuhong(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an Shaanxi 710054,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Coal Fire Hazard Prevention,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an Shaanxi 710054,China.)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学陕西省煤火灾害防治重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2019年第7期51-57,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51774232,51804247);陕西省国际科技合作与交流计划项目(2016KW-070,2018KW-035)

摘　　要：为探究超细铝粉在密闭球形空间内的爆炸危险性,采用20 L标准球形爆炸装置,研究不同试验条件下超细铝粉的爆炸特性,并分析粉尘质量浓度CD、氧气浓度CO2和粉尘平均粒径d50对爆炸特性参数(最大爆炸压力Pmax、最大压力上升速率(dP/dt)max、爆炸指数Kst)的影响。结果表明:超细铝粉的爆炸下限质量浓度在50~80 g/m3范围内;随CD增大,100 nm铝粉Pmax先增大后减小,而(dP/dt)max和Kst也随之增大,且当CD为2000 g/m3时,具有超强爆炸性;在贫氧环境下,随着CO2减小,超细铝粉氧化速率降低,释放热量减小,Pmax和(dP/dt)max均减小;对于800 nm,2μm和10μm等3种粒径的铝粉,相同氧气浓度环境下,随着d50增大,铝粉比表面积减小,氧气扩散作用降低,Pmax和(dP/dt)max也随之减小。In order to understand the explosion hazard of ultrafine aluminum powder in a closed spherical space,its explosion characteristics under different test conditions were studied and the effects of dust concentration CD,oxygen concentration CO2 and average particle size of dust d50 on explosion parameters(maximum explosion pressure Pmax,maximum pressure rise rate(dP/dt)maxand explosion rate Kst)were analyzed by using a standard 20 L spherical explosive device.The results show that the minimum explosion concentration of ultrafine aluminum powder was in the range of 50-80 g/m3,for 100 nm aluminum powder,its Pmaxincreases first and then decreases while(dP/dt)maxand Kstincrease with the increase of CD,and it will be strongly explosive when the CDreaches 2000 g/m3,in the oxygen-poor environment,with the decrease of CO2,the oxidation rate of ultrafine aluminum powder,the heat released andPmaxand(dP/dt)max will decrease,for aluminum powder with particle sizes of 800 nm,2μm and 10μm,the powder’s specific surface area will decrease,the diffusion of oxygen molecules will reduce,andPmaxand(dP/dt)maxalso will decrease with as the dust particle size of dust grows when the oxygen concentration maintains the same.

关 键 词：球形爆炸装置 超细铝粉 爆炸特性 爆炸指数 氧气浓度 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]