粉尘爆炸风险评估方法及应用研究  

Study on risk assessment method of dust explosion and its application

作　　者：靳江红[1] 李鑫磊 王庆[3] JIN Jianghong;LI Xinlei;WANG Qing(Laboratory of Industrial Explosion Protection,Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection,Beijing 100054,China;Research Institute of Propellant and Explosive Engineering and Safety Technology of China Weapons Industry,Beijing 100053,China;Safety and Environmental Engineering Institute,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100071,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市劳动保护科学研究所工业防爆研究室,北京100054 [2]中国兵器工业火炸药工程与安全技术研究院,北京100053 [3]首都经济贸易大学安全与环境工程学院,北京100071

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2019年第7期164-169,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：北京市联合基金资助(L160009);北京市科学技术研究院创新团队培养计划项目(IG201701C2)

摘　　要：为有效预防粉尘爆炸事故发生,实现对粉尘爆炸事故风险分级管控,提出粉尘爆炸风险评估方法。首先以粉尘爆炸发生的可能性和严重度为一级指标,以人员分布、建筑布局、设备设施等为二级指标,以安全管理措施为补偿指标,构建粉尘爆炸风险评估指标体系;然后采用层次分析法(AHP)和熵值法进行组合赋权,确定各个指标权重,建立粉尘爆炸风险评估模型,定量评估粉尘爆炸风险,并予以分级;最后应用评估方法评估某涉爆粉尘企业的粉尘爆炸风险。研究结果表明:评估指标的划分与分级直接影响粉尘爆炸风险评估结果;安全补偿措施可有效降低企业粉尘爆炸风险;应用该方法评估某企业的粉尘爆炸风险等级为一般,与国家级涉爆粉尘专家团队的评估结果一致。In order to effectively prevent dust explosion accidents and realize the risk classification and control of dust explosion accidents,a new dust explosion risk assessment method is put forward.Firstly,taking the possibility and severity of dust explosion as the one class index,the distribution of personnel,the layout of buildings,the equipment and facilities and others as the secondary indicators and safety management measures as compensation index,the risk assessment index system of dust explosion was constructed.Secondly,the weights of each index were determined by combining the AHP and the entropy method,and the risk assessment model of dust explosion was established to evaluate and classify the risk of dust explosion.Finally,taking the dust explosion accident of an enterprise as an example,the application of the proposed risk assessment method was studied.The results show that the classification of the evaluation indexes directly affect the risk assessment results of dust explosion,that the safety compensation measures can effectively reduce the risk of dust explosion in enterprises,and that the risk grade of dust explosion in the enterprise is general by using this risk assessment method,which is consistent with the evaluation results of the expert team at national level.

关 键 词：粉尘爆炸 风险要素 指标体系 风险评估 层次分析法(AHP) 熵值法 

分 类 号：X924.3[环境科学与工程—安全科学]