地铁车站应急预案VR模拟与情景设计  

VR based simulation and scenario design of emergency response plans for metro stations

作　　者：王朔[1] 朱士友 俞军燕 黄玲[1] WANG Shuo;ZHU Shiyou;YU Junyan;HUANG Ling(State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510640,China;Guangzhou Metro Group Corporation,Guangzhou Guangdong 510030,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学亚热带建筑国家重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]广州地铁集团公司,广东广州510030

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2019年第7期183-188,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室(同济大学)开放课题(201830108);广东省科技计划项目(2017A040405021)

摘　　要：为解决地铁车站应急预案现实演练过程中,出现火灾、爆炸、水淹、突发大客流等紧急情况的危险性、组织实施难的问题,应用虚拟现实(VR)技术对各类预案进行场景设计,模拟相应的应急预案过程。首先,运用业务流程建模与标注(BPMN)语言对应急预案流程进行建模;然后,利用建筑信息模型(BIM)技术创建地铁站内基础设施三维模型,并研究模拟火灾爆炸、恐怖袭击、水淹、突发大客流等应急预案涉及的关键技术;最后,以地铁燕塘站为例设计应急预案情景。结果表明:基于VR技术的情景设计及过程模拟将地铁车站应急预案的各类场景要素、事件过程、乘客及岗位人员的活动状态集成到同一平台;直观、动态、多视图地展现应急预案实施效果,有助于提高地铁紧急情况预案应用水平。In order to solve the hazardous problems and manage the difficulty in organization and implementation in case of fire,explosion,flooding,sudden large passenger flow and other emergencies during the real exercise of emergency response plans in metro stations,VR technology is applied to design scenarios and simulate emergency response plans.Firstly,business process modeling and notation(BPMN)language was used to model the process of emergency response plans.Secondly,building information modeling(BIM)technology was applied to create a three-dimensional model of the infrastructure in a metro station.The key technologies involved in plans for fire or explosion,terrorist attack,flooding and sudden large passenger flow were studied and simulated.Finally,with Yantang subway station as an example,the scenario design of an emergency response plan was carried out.The results show that the scenario design and process simulation based on VR technology integrates the elements of various scenarios,event process,passengers'and staff members'activities into the same platform,which can demonstrate the implementation effects of the plans visually and dynamically with multi-viewing panes,therefore helping enhance the application of emergency response plans in metro stations.

关 键 词：虚拟现实(VR) 地铁车站 应急预案 情景设计 大客流模拟 

分 类 号：X928.03[环境科学与工程—安全科学]