血液中稀有细胞分离和富集方法研究进展  

Progress of Separation and Enrichment of Rare Cells from Blood

作　　者：宋婉云 王惠宇 王明明 张弢[1] Song Wanyun;Wang Huiyu;Wang Mingming;Zhang Tao(College of Engineering and Applied Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;Nanjing Medical University Attached Wuxi People's Hospital,Wuxi 214023,Jiangsu,China;Be Creative Lab(Beijing)Co.Ltd,Beijing 101111,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学现代工程与应用科学学院,南京210093 [2]南京医科大学附属无锡市人民医院,江苏无锡214023 [3]北京贝康医学检验所,北京101111

出　　处：《中国生物医学工程学报》2019年第4期481-489,共9页Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81602065,81671792);科技部重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1000700)

摘　　要：近年来,对血液中含量低于100个/mL的稀有细胞进行高效率、高纯度富集或捕获,并对捕获得到的靶细胞进行无损释放,是肿瘤精准治疗、早期疾病诊断等领域的研究热点。其中,对循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)和胎儿有核红细胞(NRBCs)两类稀有细胞的富集研究最为广泛。针对这两类稀有细胞,从分离与富集原理、实验方法、分离效率等角度入手,综述该领域的研究进展,分析各类方法的优缺点。综合来看,稀有细胞的分离原理和方法大致可以分为物理分选法和免疫亲和法两类,前者利用稀有细胞的物理特性(如尺寸大小等)进行分选,后者利用细胞表面的特异性受体与抗体、核酸适配体进行的免疫亲和反应所产生的差异来分离和富集稀有细胞。此外,进一步介绍稀有细胞的物理学特性以及纳米技术、微流控技术、单细胞操作等新兴技术在分离富集领域的运用,并对各种分离方法进行简要的比较分析。In recent years,high-efficiency,high-purity enrichment or capture of rare cells that containing less than 100 per milliliter of blood,and non-destructive release of captured target cells are hot research topics in the field of precise tumor treatment and early disease diagnosis.Among them,the enrichment of rare cells such as circulating tumor cells(CTCs)and fetal nucleated red blood cells(NRBCs)are the most extensive.Aiming at these two kinds of rare cells,we summarized the research progress in the field from the perspectives of separation and enrichment principle,experimental methods and separation efficiency,and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of various methods.On the whole,the separation principle and methods of rare cells can be roughly divided into physical sorting method and immunoaffinity method.The former utilizes the physical characteristics of rare cells such as size and hydrodynamics.While in the later method,rare cells are isolated and enriched by utilizing the differences caused by the immunoaffinity reactions of specific receptors and antibodies,as well as the nucleic acid aptamers on the cell surfaces.In addition,we further introduced the physical properties of rare cells and the application of emerging technologies such as nanotechnology,microfluidics and single cell manipulation in the field of separation and enrichment of rare cells,and briefly compared various separation methods.

关 键 词：稀有细胞 循环肿瘤细胞 胎儿有核红细胞 分离 富集 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]