苹果矮化栽培模式对果园产量和果实品质的影响  

Effect of Dwarf Cultivation System on the Yield and Fruit Quality of Apple Orchard

作　　者：蔚露[1] 牛自勉[1] 林琭[1] 谢鹏[1] 王红宁[2] YU Lu;NIU Zimian;LIN Lu;XIE Peng;WANG Hongning(Research Centre of Modern Agriculture,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of Pomology,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taigu 030800,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院现代农业研究中心,山西太原030031 [2]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太谷030800

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2019年第11期1925-1929,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201118);山西省农业科学院优势课题自选项目(YCX2018D2YS04);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(2019-04)

摘　　要：以苹果矮化砧木M9-t337和SH5为试材进行了矮化栽培条件下不同树形模式的试验,分析了5年生果园的早期产量和果实质量。结果表明,从单株产量来看,细长纺锤树形、高纺锤树形和疏层纺锤树形在不同砧木上的平均产量分别为20.64,19.32,18.52 kg;M9-t337和SH5砧木处理树分别为20.61,18.38 kg;不同树形和砧木处理差异极显著。果肉可溶性固形物含量3种树形之间无显著差异,但SH5矮化砧木显著高于M9-t337砧木处理,均值分别为16.17%和15.25%。疏层纺锤树形果皮花色苷浓度显著提高,高于其他树形;SH5砧木嫁接树的果皮花色苷浓度比M9-t337砧木处理增加了62.8%,果实着色明显改善。Using apple dwarf rootstocks M9-t337 and SH5 as test materials,the experiments of different tree form patterns under dwarf cultivation conditions were carried out,and the early yield and fruit quality of 5-year-old orchards were analyzed.The results showed that the yields per plant of slender spindle,high spindle and sparse spindle on different rootstocks were 20.64,19.32,18.52 kg,respectivel,those of M9-t337 and SH5 rootstocks were 20.61,18.38 kg,respectively,with the very significant differences in tree form and rootstock treatments.There was no significant difference in soluble solids content(SSC)of apple pulp among three tree forms,but the contents of SSC of SH5 dwarf rootstock was significantly higher than M9-t337 rootstock treatment,with the mean values of 16.17% and 15.25%,respectively.The anthocyanin concentration of sparse spindle was significantly higher than that of other tree forms,and the anthocyanin concentration of SH5 grafted trees was 62.8% higher than that of M9-t337,and the fruit coloration was significantly improved.

关 键 词：苹果 矮化砧木 树形 栽培模式 产量 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]