基于中药“非药效共性高分子物质”分子结构解析的膜材料设计与膜过程优化机制及方法探索  

Study on mechanism and method of membrane preparation and membrane process optimization based on molecular structure analysis of noneffective common macromolecules

作　　者：宋宏臣 王建明 郭立玮 SONG Hong-chen;WANG Jian-ming;GUO Li-wei(Guangdong Key htboratory of Membrane Mtaterials and Membrane Separation,Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 511458,China;Key Laboratory of Separation Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine Compounds,Nanjing Unitvrsity of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中国科学院先进技术研究所广东省膜材料与膜分离重点实验室,广东广州511458 [2]南京中医药大学中药复方分离工程重点实验室,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2019年第18期4060-4066,共7页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21307146,81274096,30873449);2017中国工程院咨询项目(2017-XZ-08)

摘　　要：中药药效物质一般为相对分子质量1 000以下的小分子,而"非药效共性高分子物质"(普遍存在于中药水提液中的淀粉、果胶等高分子)通常无生理活性,既影响膜技术集群筛选小分子药效物质整体优势的发挥,又是主要膜污染物质。面向获取整体中药药效物质的重大需求,引进先进的高分子结构解析理念,针对中药膜过程中非药效共性高分子结构与膜材料及其微结构的相关性的关键科学问题,借鉴材料学理论与分子模拟手段,探索"非药效共性高分子物质"的分子空间结构-溶液环境-膜对抗作用的相关性,融合多学科手段:优化设计膜表面空间,提升膜抗污染性能;精确控制膜孔结构及尺寸分布,创新中药专用膜制备工艺;基于分子结构解析的溶液环境调控,构建基于"溶液环境"优化机理的中药物料预处理技术。突破膜法获取中药小分子药效物质组的技术瓶颈,创制基于"多元、整体"观的中药制药工程理论和技术。The molecular weight of the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) is usually less than 1 000.However, " noneffective common macromolecules"( starch,pectin and other macromolecules commonly present in the water extract of TCM) generally have no physiological activity,which restricts the overall advantages of membrane technology to obtain small molecular pharmacodynamic substances,and such macromolecules are the main influence factor of membrane fouling. Therefore,in order to obtain the total pharmacological efficacy of TCM,based on the molecular structure analysis of noneffective common macromolecules,aimed at the key scientific problems in correlation between the molecular structure of noneffective common macromolecules and the pore structure of membrane material,and by referring to the material science theory and molecular simulation method,the correlations between noneffective common macromolecules’ molecular structure-solution environment-membrane antagonism were investigated. Multidisciplinary approaches could be integrated to: ① optimize the spatial form of membrane surface and improve the membrane’s antifouling ability;② accurately control the pore structure and the size distribution of membranes,aimed at the innovative preparation technology of special membrane used for TCM;③ adjust solution environment based on the analysis of molecular structure,and establish the pretreatment method based on the optimization of solution environment. Furthermore,the technical bottleneck on how to obtain the pharmacodynamic micromolecules effectively might be solved,and the theory and technology about TCM pharmaceutical engineering could be developed based on the concept of multivariate and integration.

关 键 词：非药效共性高分子物质 膜制备 膜污染 膜过程 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]